基于GIS的宁夏中部干旱带生态安全空间格局的评价  

GIS-based Spatial Pattern of Ecological Security in the Central Arid Zone of Ningxia

作　　者：王重玲[1] 程淑杰[1] 王林伶[2] 朱志玲[3] WANG Chong-ling;CHENG Shu-jie;WANG Lin-ling;ZHU Zhi-ling(College of Civil Engineering,Yinchuan University of Energy,Yinchuan Ninxia 750105,P.R.China;Institute of Economy,Ningxia Academy of Social Sciences,Yinchuan Ninxia 750021,P.R.China;College of Resources and Environment,Ninxia University,Yinchuan Ninxia 750000,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]银川能源学院土木建筑学院,宁夏银川750105 [2]宁夏社会科学院经济研究所,宁夏银川750021 [3]宁夏大学资源环境学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2020年第2期147-153,共7页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：宁夏社科规划项目(18NXCRK01);银川能源学院科学研究项目(2018-KY-J-05);宁夏优秀人才支持计划(TJGC2019006)资助。

摘　　要：生态安全是影响区域可持续发展的重要因素,通过构建生态安全评价模型,利用ERDAS遥感影像处理软件获取2017年9月宁夏中部干旱带LUCC数据,Fragstat景观软件获取景观格局指数,借助ARCGIS空间数据处理系统中的空间分析、叠加与重分类等功能对研究结果进行空间分类处理,对宁夏中部干旱带生态安全空间格局进行评价。结果表明:(1)宁夏中部干旱带的生态安全指数在12.15-85.76之间,安全状态跨度大、结构复杂。生态高度安全区面积最小,占研究区总面积的7.50%;生态较高安全区面积次之,占研究区总面积的11.64%;而生态一般安全区、生态临界安全区和不安全区分别占27.58%、28.99%和24.29%,区域空间差异较大;(2)宁夏中部干旱带的生态安全空间格局受地表水资源分布的限制,表现为沿红寺堡灌区、固海灌区、盐环定扬水灌区及清水河两侧呈带状分布,其安全度由里至外逐渐降低;(3)研究结果对区域土地资源可持续利用、生态移民工程、生态环境建设等提供科学依据。Ecological safety is one of the important factors which affecting the regional sustainable development.This paper got LUCC data in September 2017 of the central arid zone in Ningxia by using ERDAS remote sensing image processing software,and got landscape pattern index by Fragstas software.With the help of ARCGIS’s function such as spatial analysis,spatial data processing system of superposition and reclassification to processing the result of spatial reclassification,using the method of expert consultation to amend the final ultima reclassification in accordance with the actual situation of the research area,thus enabling the visual of ecological safety state of 30*30 grid unit in the research area.Subsequently,we studied and analyzed the ecological complete state and spatial distribution pattern of the study area.The results showd that:(1)The ecological safety degree of the study area was not high in general,and the ecological security index was 12.15-85.76.The most ecological security zone was the least with only 7.05% of the study area.The high ecological security zone was accounted for 11.64%,the normal ecological security zone with 27.58%,the critical ecological security zone with 28.99%,the unsafe ecological security zone with 24.29%;(2)The ecological security pattern of the study area was determined by surface water resources of Hong Sibao irrigation area,Guhai irrigation area,Yan Huanding pumping irrigating area and Qing Shui river,manifested in a belt-along distribution models with the ecological security degree is lower from inside to outside;(3)The study results are close to the regional reality,it could provide scientific evidence for ecological migration project,the ecological environment developments and land use planning for regional sustainable development.

关 键 词：宁夏中部 空间格局 生态安全指数 土地利用与覆被变化 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] X826[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]