露天矿炮孔水量水温对爆破效果影响试验研究  

Influence of Blasting Hole Water Volume and Temperature on Blasting Effect in Open Pit Mines

作　　者：郭连军 董二虎 GUO Lian-jun;DONG Er-hu(School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Shenyang University of Technoligy,Shenyang 110870,China;College of Mining Engineering,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,China;School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Liaoning,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学建筑与土木工程学院,沈阳110870 [2]辽宁科技大学矿业工程学院,鞍山114051 [3]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,沈阳110819

出　　处：《爆破》2020年第1期19-26,73,共9页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51474123);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0801603)。

摘　　要：深凹露天矿台阶爆破时普遍存在孔壁裂隙渗水、含水炮孔内外温差大、爆堆遇水易出现大面积泥化软化的现象,炮孔水量及水温度对爆破效果的影响却又缺乏系统的试验研究。从炮孔含水量和水温度与炸药能量比例相匹配的角度出发,利用相似模拟试验探究混合片麻岩爆破特征,结合交互试验结果对比于大孤山铁矿含水台阶爆堆大块分布不规律的现状,得到孔内温度低于、等于或高于采场环境气温时填药高度与水深度比分别为0.33、略大于0.5或0.5时爆破效果更为理想,最后针对大矿混合片麻岩炮孔含水爆破提供了装药高度与水深比值参数的优化建议。There are some common phenomena during bench blasting in a deep open-pit mine:water seepage in blast hole wall,large temperature difference inside and outside of a water-filled blast hole,and the mud is easy to soften when exposed to water.However,the influence of blasthole water volume and temperature on the blasting effect lacks systematic experimental research.According to the principle that the volume and temperature of water is somehow proportional to the explosive energy,a similar simulation test was designed to investigate the blasting characteristics of the mixed gneiss.The results of the interactive test are compared with the large block distribution of the water-bearing bench blasts in the Dagushan Iron Mine.In order to achieve the desirable blasting effect,when the temperature in the hole is lower than the ambient temperature,the ratio of charge height to the water depth should be set as 0.33.The ratio turns to be 0.5 when the temperature in the hole is higher than the ambient one.While the temperature in the hole equals to the ambient temperature,the ratio of charge height to water depth would be slightly more than 0.5.Finally,an optimization scheme for the charge height and water depth ratio is provided for the water hole blasting of the Dugushan iron ore mixed gneiss.

关 键 词：水环境 台阶爆破 含水炮孔 块度分布 

分 类 号：TB41[一般工业技术]