基于岩石爆破损伤的炮孔布置优化研究  

Blast hole Arrangement Optimization based on Rock Blasting Damage

作　　者：张理维 王卫华[1] 戴怡文 ZHANG Li-wei;WANG Wei-hua;DAI Yi-wen(School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《爆破》2020年第1期32-39,共8页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41372278)。

摘　　要：为改善焦家金矿巷道掘进爆破效果,采用数值模拟方法对爆破方案中的炮孔布置进行优化。利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立2组掏槽及光面爆破数值模型并进行计算,获得了爆破过程中岩石产生的损伤,通过损伤因子D对爆破效果进行评价。结果表明:空孔有利于掏槽孔间岩石的破碎,使各个掏槽孔产生的空腔连成片;比较外圈掏槽孔间距为90 cm、100 cm及110 cm时的掏槽效果,当间距为100 cm时所形成的掏槽空腔范围大且相互连通;分析光爆孔间距为50 cm、60 cm及70 cm时的爆破效果,发现随着孔间距增大,炮孔连线间的损伤程度减小,连线间的损伤区由贯通变为不贯通,最后确定光爆孔间距为60 cm。将优化后的爆破方案用于现场试验,取得了较好的效果,说明根据岩石损伤演化规律对炮孔布置进行优化是可行的。To improve the blasting effect of roadway excavation in Jiaojia Gold Mine,the method of numerical simulation was adopted to optimize blast-hole arrangement in a blasting design.ANSYS/LS-DYNA was used to establish two sets of cut and smooth blasting models,and the rock damage during blasting was obtained.Damage factor D was adopted to evaluate the blasting effect.Results show that the hollow holes are beneficial to the rock breakage between the cutting holes and make the cavities generated by each cutting hole connect into a whole part.The cut cavity connect with each other with a wider range when the cut hole spacing in the outer ring is 100 cm compared with that of 90 and 110 cm.Analyzing the blasting effect when the spacing between smooth blasting holes is 50 cm,60 cm and 70 cm,it reveals that as the blast-hole spacing rises,the damage degree between the blast-hole connection decreases,and the damage zone becomes disconnected.The distance between smooth blasting holes is determined to be 60 cm.The final blasting scheme was applied to the field test and achieved good results,indicating that it is feasible to optimize the hole layout according to the law of rock damage evolution.

关 键 词：炮孔布置优化 数值模拟 岩石爆破损伤 炮孔间距 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]