广州市医疗机构空间分布特征及服务能力分析  

Analysis of Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Service Capacity of Medical Institutions in Guangzhou

作　　者：林丹淳 刘凯[1] 谭敏 周淑丽[1] 柳林 Lin Danchun(Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster,School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,510275)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东省城市化与地理模拟重点实验室,广东省公共安全与灾害工程技术研究中心,广州510275 [2]广州大学地理科学学院,公共安全地理信息分析中心,广州510006

出　　处：《医学与社会》2020年第2期1-5,共5页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目,编号为41531178;广东省自然科学基金研究团队项目,编号为2014A030312010。

摘　　要：目的:探索广州市医疗机构空间布局的合理性。方法:采用GIS空间分析方法研究广州市医疗机构的空间分布特征及服务能力。结果:广州市医疗机构集聚特征明显,集中分布在中心城区;综合医院和三级医院30min覆盖率分别为48.24%和30.79%,远郊区就医服务不便捷;社区卫生服务机构服务范围重复覆盖率高,不能有效补充医院的空缺;大约43.21%的医院承载力系数高于1,医疗资源分布与潜在服务人口之间存在供需失衡现象,急需补充医疗资源。结论:广州市医疗机构数量不足;空间分布不均衡,集中分布在中心城区;医疗机构的可及性与公平性有待提高,应进行合理规划和调整。Objective:To explore the rationality of the spatial distribution structure of medical institutions in Guangzhou.Methods:Using GIS spatial analysis method to study the distribution characteristics and service capacity of medical resources in Guangzhou.Results:Guangzhou had obvious characteristics of medical institutions agglomeration.The 30-minute coverage rates of general hospitals and tertiary hospitals were respectively 48.24%and 30.79%.The medical services in remote suburbs were inconvenient.There was a high repeated coverage rate of community health service institutions,which could not effectively fill the vacancies in hospitals.About 43.21%of hospitals had a bearing capacity coefficient higher than 1.There was an imbalance between the distribution of medical resources and the potential service population,which urgently needs the supplement of medical resources.Conclusion:The spatial distribution of medical institutions in Guangzhou is unbalanced,and the fairness of medical resource allocation needs to be improved.It is necessary to improve the rationality of medical resource allocation.

关 键 词：医疗机构 空间分布 空间特征 服务能力 就医便捷度 广州 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]