生态透水坝结构设计与试验研究  

Structural Design and Experimental Study of Ecological Permeable Dam

作　　者：戚蓝[1] 刘峥 傅长锋[2] QI Lan;LIU Zheng;FU Chang-feng(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Water Resources and Hydro power Investigation and Design Research Institute of Ministry of Water Resources of Hebei Province Tianjin 300250,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072 [2]水利部河北水利水电勘测设计研究院,天津300250

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2020年第2期87-90,55,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0406901)。

摘　　要：生态透水坝用于生态补水,要求既要有一定的透水量,以保证清水从坝身下泄,又需结构安全稳定。以往透水坝坝体结构均为梯形断面形式,不利于坝体稳定,也不能准确地控制渗透量,为此根据透水坝技术原理设计了一种具有稳定渗透量的组合式生态透水坝,并通过有限元计算、水工模型试验分析了组合式透水坝的透水量和渗流稳定性及对固体悬浮物(SS)的去除效果和淤堵情况。结果表明,组合式透水坝单宽渗流量为0.009712m3/(s·m),满足设计渗透量;最大坡降值出现在渗流出逸点,最大渗透坡降值为1.2;组合式生态透水坝在一个试验周期内对SS污染物平均去除率为50%;由于坝身淤堵,在试验进行第45d时模型渗透量降低了76%,可通过更换部分过滤材料来减轻坝体淤堵问题。When the ecological permeable dam is used for ecological water supplement,it not only requires certain permeability and filtering water to ensure that clean water is discharged from the dam body,but also maintains the safety and stability of hydraulic structures.Different from the traditional permeable dam with trapezoidal section,permeable dams play the role of water retaining and filtering at the same time.Therefore,according to the technical principle of permeable dams,structural design of combined ecological permeable dam body is carried out.Through finite element calculation and hydraulic model experiment,it is proved that the permeable dam of this structure meets the requirements of design permeability and seepage stability at the same time.The results show that the permeable capacity per unit width of combined permeable dam is 0.009 712 m3/s·m.The maximum slope gradient appears the seepage release point,and the corresponding value is 1.2.The average removal rate of SS pollutants by the ecological permeable dam model is 50%in one experimental period.Meanwhile,the permeability of the model is reduced by 76%on the 45 th day of the experiments due to the dam silting,and the siltation of dam body can be reduced by replacing filter materials.

关 键 词：生态透水坝 透水量 渗流稳定 浊度试验 淤堵试验 

分 类 号：TV31[水利工程—水工结构工程]