新时期农村贫困地区预防艾滋病健康教育适宜技术及应用  

Appropriate Technology and Application of Health Education on AIDS Prevention in Poverty-stricken Rural Areas in the New Period

作　　者：孙长喜[1] 刘兴宝[1] 王海军 杜飞[1] 郭海荣[1] 邵霞[1] 陈娇 SUN Chang-xi;LIU Xing-bao;WANG Hai-jun

机构地区：[1]湖北省竹山县疾病预防控制中心,湖北竹山442200 [2]竹山县妇幼保健院,湖北竹山442200

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2020年第2期58-62,69,共6页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：全球抗击艾滋病、结核和疟疾基金中国第三轮艾滋病项目(CHN-304-G03-H);竹山县2017年科学技术研究与开发资金计划(第一批)(竹科字[2017]45号)(2017K23)。

摘　　要：目的探索新时期农村贫困地区预防艾滋病健康教育适宜技术。方法运用"电视、互联网+双传播模式"传播防艾知识,开展以生活技能为基础的"中学生、已婚育龄妇女双重点群体"防艾教育,并对干预效果进行评价和分析。结果干预前、后,已婚育龄妇女、中学生和村民的艾滋病知识知晓率分别为6.02%、2.02%、77.60%和96.62%、96.58%、92.83%,能够正确识别艾滋病经性途径传播并摒弃艾滋病传播的主要错误观点者的比例分别为39.24%、38.87%、43.64%和85.80%、85.75%、75.76%,对艾滋病态度的正向回答率分别为65.19%、74.26%、68.83%和95.94%、98.08%、89.83%。实施干预措施后,三项主要评价指标均明显高于干预前。大众人群艾滋病知识获取途径最多的是电视,其次为互联网。结论电视仍是当前广大居民获取信息的主要渠道,"互联网+"健康教育方法已成为预防艾滋病健康教育新的传播方式。利用"电视、互联网+"健康教育方法,传播预防艾滋病知识,开展以生活技能为基础的"中学生、已婚育龄妇女双重点群体"防艾教育,促进学生与家长间的交流,并利用已婚育龄妇女在家庭中的核心作用及影响力,将防艾知识传播、辐射给家庭成员及社会大众,从而提高全社会的防艾能力,遏制艾滋病流行。OBJECTIVE To explore the appropriate health education technology for AIDS prevention in poor rural areas in the new period. METHODS Using "TV and Internet + double transmission mode "to spread the knowledge of AIDS prevention, and carry out the anti AIDS education based on life skills for "middle school students and married women of childbearing age", and then evaluate and analyze the intervention effect. RESULTS Before and after the intervention, the awareness rates of AIDS knowledge among married women of childbearing age were from 6.02% to 2.02%, that in middle school students were from 77.60% to 96.62%, that in villagers were from 96.58% to 92.83%, respectively. The proportion of people who could correctly identify the main misconceptions of AIDS transmission through sexual channels and abandon the main misconceptions of AIDS transmission was 39.24%,38.87%, 43.64%,85.80%, 85.75% and 75.76%, respectively. The positive response rates to AIDS attitude were 65.19%, 74.26%, 68.83%,95.94%,98.08% and 89.83%. After the implementation of infection measures, the three main evaluation indicators were significantly higher than before. The most popular way to acquire AIDS knowledge is from television, followed by the Internet. CONCLUSION Television is still the main way for the majority of residents to obtain information. The method of "Internet + health education"has become a new mode of transmission of AIDS prevention health education. It is suggested to spread knowledge of AIDS prevention, develop life based skills, for"middle school students and married women of childbearing age" by"TV and Internet + "health education,promote education among students and parents and take advantage of the core role and influence of married women of childbearing age in their families to make. knowledge dissemination and radiation to family members and the general public, so as to improve the ability of the whole society to prevent AIDS and curb the AIDS epidemic.

关 键 词：新时期 贫困地区 艾滋病 健康教育 传播模式 

分 类 号：R1-9[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]