自杀未遂者救治早期家属心理状况及求助倾向调查  

The Mental States and Help-seeking Preference of Family Members of Suicide Attempters in the Early Treatment

作　　者：郑悦[1] 张海音[2] ZHENG Yue;ZHANG Haiyin(East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学,上海200237 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心,上海200030

出　　处：《心理学通讯》2020年第1期35-40,共6页Psychological Communications

摘　　要：目的:分析家属在自杀未遂者救治早期的心理状态和求助倾向。方法:采用一般资料调查表、简明国际神经精神访谈(Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview,M.I.N.I.)自杀模块、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表中文简版等,对上海市3所综合医院急诊就诊的疑似自杀未遂病患及家属共148组进行调查(每组病患和家属各1人)。结果:根据M.I.N.I.进行自杀行为评估后入组自杀未遂组(suicide attempts,SA)病患84例(56.8%)及家属84人,入组非自杀未遂组(non-suicide attempts,NA)病患64例(43.2%),家属64人;自杀未遂组和非自杀未遂组家属都存在明显的焦虑、压力心理,自杀未遂组家属在病耻感和抑郁体验方面更加突出(p<0.05),且更倾向于选择独处和精神科/心理门诊的方式分别来应对当前和今后的心理困扰(p<0.01)。结论:医务工作者应对家属给予更多的理解和帮助,例如告知心理门诊预约信息等,并加强心理卫生科普工作降低家属病耻感。Objective:To analyze the mental states and help-seeking preference of family members of suicide attempters in the early treatment.Methods:A total of 148 groups(1 patient and 1 family member in each group)of suspected suicide attempters,who received medical consultation in the emergency departments of 3 general hospitals in Shanghai,and their families were investigated by using the self-compiled general information questionnaire,the suicide module of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview(M.I.N.I.),and the Chinese short version of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale.Results:There were 84 cases(56.8%)of suicide attempters(SA)and 64 cases(43.2%)of non-suicide attempters(NA)according to the suicidal behavior evaluation of the M.I.N.I.,and significant anxiety and stress existed in the family members of SA and NA.The family members of SA were more prominent in feeling the sense of shame and depression(p<0.05),and they were more inclined to choose the ways of solitude and psychiatric/psychological outpatient services to deal with the current and future psychological problems separately(p<0.01).Conclusion:The medical staffs should give more understanding and help to the family members,such as informing the appointment information of psychological clinic to them,and strengthen the popularization of mental health science to reduce the sense of shame.

关 键 词：自杀未遂 家属 心理状况 求助 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]