四引物分子标记鉴定水稻光合效率基因TAC1的不同基因型  

Identification of Different Genotypes of TAC1, a Photosynthesis Efficiency Related Gene, by a Tetra-Primer Marker

作　　者：陈国鑫 陈冰 李昊澍 赵坤龙 秦冠男 Chen Guoxin;Chen Bing;Li Haoshu;Zhao Kunlong;Qin Guannan(Biotechnology Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing,100081;Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha,410125;University of Chinese Academy of Sci ences,Beijing,100049)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院生物技术研究所,北京100081 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,长沙410125 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2020年第7期2225-2232,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：中国农业科学院创新工程(CAAS-XTCX2016002)资助。

摘　　要：水稻(Oryza sativa)的株型含株高、分蘖、穗型和叶型等性状,其表现与光合效率直接相关。一般地,籼稻(Oryza sativa ssp.xian)株型松散,而粳稻(Oryza sativa ssp.geng)更为紧凑。松散型的籼稻自身遮蔽少,通风好,植株光合效率高;紧凑株型的粳稻适应密植,通过提高单位面积植株数量提高总体光合效率。控制籼粳稻分蘖角度差异的主效基因是TAC1基因。相比TAC1xian,发生在tac1geng的3'非翻译区(3'UTR)的A→G突变导致mRNA稳定性下降,从而影响了粳稻的株型。2个等位基因分别属于单株高光效基因型和整体高光效基因型,处于杂合状态下还可互补,因此建立可精确选择TAC1等位基因的分子标记在育种实践中意义重大。本研究利用扩增受阻突变系统(amplification refractory mutation system,ARMS)的原理,开发出包含4条引物的共显性分子标记,鉴定TAC1的功能单核苷酸多态性(functional nucleotide polymorphism,FNP)。该分子标记命名为tac1fnp,同TAC1完全连锁,一次PCR反应即可精确区分2种等位基因及杂合基因,有助于水稻的高光效分子标记辅助选择育种。Plant architecture of rice(Oryza sativa)refers to plant height,tiller characteristics,panicle traits,leaf type etc.,whose performance is directly related to photosynthesis efficiency.In general,the Japonica rice(Oryza sativa ssp.geng)shows erect growth while indica rice(Oryza sativa ssp.xian)is looser.The major gene controlling the difference in the tiller angle between Japonica and Indica rice is TAC1.Compared with TAC1 xian,the A→G mutation occurred in 3’untranslated region of tac1 gengtranscript decreases stability of m RNA,which affected the plant architecture of Japonica.Either allele has different photosynthesis performance in different environments,and heterozygous state could complement each other’s advantages.Therefore,the establishment of molecular markers that can accurately select TAC1 alleles is of great significance in breeding practice.Based on Amplification Refractory Mutation System(ARMS),we developed a co-dominant molecular marker containing four primers to identify functional nucleotide polymorphism(FNP)of TAC1 in this study.This marker,named as tac1 fnp,is completely linked to TAC1.Two alleles as well as hybrid can be accurately distinguished by a single PCR,which will be helpful for marker assisted selection breeding of rice with high photosynthesis efficiency.

关 键 词：水稻(Oryza sativa) 四引物 分子标记 光合效率 TAC1 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]