生态文明视角下专利审查制度之优化  

Research on the Optimization of Patent Examination System from the Perspective of Ecological Civilization

作　　者：邓建志[1] 罗志辉 DENG Jian-zhi;LUO Zhi-hui(School of Law,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学法学院,长沙410081

出　　处：《科技与法律》2020年第2期1-8,共8页Science Technology and Law

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学基金重点项目“专利制度的生态化重构研究”(17ZDB017)。

摘　　要：生态文明是继工业文明之后的新型文明类型。生态文明对植根于工业文明的专利审查制度提出了“生态优化”新要求。依此审视,我国现行专利审查制度在审查宗旨、审查标准、审查程序等方面存在与之不相适应的问题。实现专利审查制度的生态优化,可采取以下举措:增加专利审查宗旨的生态价值目标,改“一元目标”为“二元目标”,即由原来片面追求“经济发展”目标向追求“经济发展与生态保护”并重目标转变;实现专利审查标准的生态导向,新增“生态性”审查标准;加强专利审查程序的生态保障,可重点对实质审查程序、优先审查程序和无效宣告程序采取优化措施,如提交环境风险说明书,将环境友好技术列为专利优先审查程序的重点适用对象,鼓励公众对环境有害技术提出无效宣告请求等。Ecological civilization is a new type of civilization following industrial civilization.Ecological civilization has set new requirements for"ecological optimization"on the patent examination system rooted in industrial civiliza tion.From this perspective,China's current patent examination system has problems that are incompatible with it in terms of examination purposes,examination standards,and examination procedures.To achieve the ecological optimi zation of the patent examination system,the following measures can be taken:increase the ecological value goal of the patent examination purpose,and change the"one-dimensional goal"to a"dual-purpose goal",that is,from the origi nal one-sided pursuit of"economic development"to the pursuit of both"economic development"and"ecological pro tection";add"ecological"examination standards in order to realize the ecological orientation of patent examination standards;strengthen the ecological guarantee of patent examination procedures,which can focus on optimizing sub stantive examination procedures,priority examination procedures,and invalidation announcement procedures.The ex amples include submitting an environmental risk statement,making environmentally friendly technologies listed as the key application objects of the patent priority examination process,and encouraging the public to file invalidation re quests for environmentally harmful technologies,and so on.

关 键 词：生态文明 专利 审查制度 审查宗旨 审查标准 审查程序 

分 类 号：D923.42[政治法律—民商法学]