论我国基因专利池的构筑困局及破解路径  

The Dilemma and Solutions to the Construction of Gene Patent Pool in China

作　　者：董晋瑜 DONG Jin-yu(Faculty of Law,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《科技与法律》2020年第2期31-39,共9页Science Technology and Law

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“整体系统观下生物多样性保护的法律规制研究”(19ZDA162)。

摘　　要：专利制度在为基因产业的快速发展浇上利益之油的同时,也滋生了“专利丛林”与“专利劫持”等一系列问题,反过来制约了技术进步。基因专利池能够促进技术合作,降低交易成本,可有效化解专利堆积的现象,但目前我国却鲜有典型的基因专利池出现。基因技术特征的复杂性、专利池“囚徒困境”的凸显与基因产业结构的竞争不足共同造成了基因专利池的构筑难题,应当从政府引导支持、提升创新实力、细化技术目标和优化利益分配等几个方面寻求破解困局之进路。Patent system promotes the development of gene industry rapidly,while it also breeds a series of problems,such as"patent jungle"and"patent holdup",which hinder technological progress conversely.The construction of gene patent pool is in favor of cooperation of technology,reducing transaction costs and solving the accumulation of patents effectively.However,there is no typical gene patent pool in China so far.The predicament is due to the complexity of features of gene technology,the"prisoners'dilemma"of patent pool and the lack of competition in gene industry.Mea sures should be taken from the following aspects:government guidance and support,improvement of innovation strength,refinement of technical objectives and optimization of profit distribution.

关 键 词：基因产业 专利池 专利丛林法则 专利劫持 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]