六点定位原理在发动机叶片夹具设计中的应用  

The Application of Six-Point Positioning Principle in Design of Aero-Engine Blade Fixture

作　　者：王山 WANG Shan(School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2020年第4期24-27,共4页Machinery Design & Manufacture

摘　　要：航空发动机叶片工艺流程复杂,造成加工基准的频繁转换,但随着叶片工艺刚度的降低以及加工过程中榫头产生的位置与尺寸上的误差,需针重新对叶片型面的非规则几何特征,设计快速准确装夹的专用工装。在分析叶片加工特点的基础上,结合六点定位原理和低熔点合金浇注方法,设计了一套适应其加工的工装夹具。将该夹具应用到叶片的基准修复工作后,基准的修复效率提高约40%,同时经该夹具重新设置的基准正确有效,保证了叶片在进一步的机械去量加工中余量去除完整,叶身型面各点尺寸加工到位。因此,该夹具具有高适应性,高精度且装夹快速方便的特点,尤其满足中间加工工序的叶片型面定位需求。Aero-engine blade process is complex,resulting in frequent conversion of the processing benchmark.With the reduction of the blade stiffness and the deviation of tenon position and size in processing,considering the irregular geometric characteristics of blade profile,special method for fast and accurate clamping needs to be designed.A set of fixture is designed based on the analysis of blade processing characteristics,six-point positioning principle and low melting point alloy casting method.When the fixture is applied to the repair work of the blade processing benchmark,the repair efficiency of the benchmark is increased by about 40%,and the benchmarks set by the fixture are correct and effective to ensure that the allowance of blade is removed in further mechanical de-processing.Therefore,the fixture has high adaptability,high precision and convenient clamping characteristics,especially for need of the blade surface positioning in the middle of the processing process.

关 键 词：航空发动机 叶片 六点定位法 低熔点合金浇注 夹具 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] V263.13[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]