江苏省镇江市2009-2018年15岁以下少年儿童法定报告传染病流行特征  

Epedemic characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases among children under 15 years old in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 2009-2018

作　　者：张万军[1] 张瑾 袁兆虎[1] 贺皆晓 周印[1] ZHANG Wan-jun;ZHANG Jin;YUAN Zhao-hu;HE Jie-xiao;ZHOU Yin(Zhenjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu 212004,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省镇江市疾病预防控制中心,江苏镇江212004 [2]解放军东部战区总医院镇江医疗区检验病理科,江苏镇江212001

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第7期1171-1175,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解2009-2018年镇江市15岁以下少年儿童法定传染病的流行趋势,为开展防控工作提供依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中收集2009-2018年镇江市15岁以下少年儿童法定传染病疫情资料进行分析。结果2009-2018年镇江市累计报告15岁以下少年儿童法定传染病病例22种65135例,年报告发病率134.51/万~263.23/万之间,发病率呈现上升波动趋势(χ^2趋势=1932.389,P<0.001);死亡病例12例,年均死亡率0.03/万;累计病例中男童发病数为38156例(58.58%),年均发病率204.86/万;女童发病数为26979例(41.42%),年均发病率159.81/万,不同性别间发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=997.605,P<0.001)。无甲类传染病报告;乙类传染病累计报告病例16种2587例,年均发病率为7.29/万,发病呈下降趋势(χ^2趋势=78.566,P<0.001);丙类传染病累计报告病例6种62548例,年均发病率176.16/万,发病呈上升趋势(χ^2趋势=2177.178,P<0.001)。肠道传染病、呼吸道传染病、血源及性传播传染病、自然疫源及虫媒传染病、其它传播途径传染病分别占累计发病总数的86.95%(56636例)、12.65%(8240例)、0.25%(166例)、0.03%(17例)、0.12%(76例)。发病率前2位的传染病为手足口病和流行性腮腺炎,分别占发病总数的78.43%(51088例)和8.42%(5485例)。结论少年儿童是传染病发病的重点高危人群,应重点加强手足口病、流行性腮腺炎传染病的监测,采取针对性措施控制少年儿童传染病的发生。Objective To understand the incidence and epidemic trend of notifiable diseases among children under 15 years old in Zhenjiang City of Jiangsu Province from 2009 to 2018,and to provide the theoretical basis for the development of effective prevention and control.Methods The data of notifiable infectious diseases among children under 15 years old in Zhenjiang City from 2009 to 2018 were collected from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and analyzed.Results A total of 65135 cases and 12 death cases among children under 1515 years old were reported in the city from 2009 to 2018,with an annual reported incidence rate of 134.51/10000~263.23/10000 and an average annual mortality rate of 0.03/10000.In the reported cases,boys accounted for 58.58%(38156 cases),with an average annual incidence rate of 204.86/10000,while girls accounted for 41.4%(26979 cases),with that of 159.81/10000.There was a significant difference between genders(χ^2=997.605,P<0.001).No class A infectious diseases were reported.2587 cases of class B infectious diseases were reported,with an average annual incidence rate of 7.29/10000,which decreased year by year.62548 cases of class C infectious diseases were reported,with an average annual incidence rate of 176.16/10000,which was increasing.Intestinal infectious diseases,respiratory infectious diseases,blood borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases,natural and insect borne infectious diseases and other infectious diseases accounted for 86.95%(56636 cases),12.65%(8240 cases),0.25%(166 cases),0.03%(17 cases)and 0.12%(76 cases)of the total cumulative incidence,respectively.The top two infectious diseases were hand-foot-mouth disease and mumps,accounting for 78.43%(51088 cases)and 8.42%(5485 cases).Conclusion Children are the high-risk population of notifiable infectious diseases.The surveillance of hand-foot-mouth disease and mumps should be strengthened,and targeted strategies should be taken.

关 键 词：少年儿童 法定传染病 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]