乌嘴白羽优质肉鸭体尺和屠宰性状发育规律及相关性研究  

Study on the developmental rate and slaughter traits of premium duck species with black mouth and white plumage

作　　者：王丽霞 陈星 凌明湖 杨宇 叶胜强 龚萍 杜康裕 童新红 钱运国 Wang Lixia;Chen Xing;Ling Minghu;Yang Yu;Ye Shengqiang;Gong Ping;Du Kangyu;Tong Xinhong;Qian Yunguo(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Science Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430208, China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,湖北武汉430208

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第2期87-93,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-42-48);湖北省技术创新专项重大项目(2017ABA140);武汉市农业科学院科技创新项目(CX201902)。

摘　　要：[目的]乌嘴白羽优质肉鸭是采用杂交[方法]选育而成的小体型肉鸭。本文旨在了解小型肉鸭生长发育规律。[方法]分别于28日龄、42日龄、56日龄、70日龄进行体尺和屠宰指标测定,并进行相关性分析。[结果](1)体尺指标中,体斜长、胸宽、胸深、龙骨长、骨盆宽、胫长、胫围、颈长随着日龄增加呈显著递增趋势(P<0.05),但是56日龄和70日龄,公母鸭体斜长、胸深、颈长没有显著性差异(P>0.05),56日龄后骨骼生长发育开始缓慢。(2)屠宰指标中,公母鸭各部位质量随着日龄增加呈显著递增趋势(P<0.05),但公母鸭屠宰率不同日龄没有显著性差异(P>0.05),全净膛率、胸肌率表现出显著性差异(P<0.05)。(3)体尺和屠宰性状相关性分析结果可知,生长后期(56日龄、70日龄)体重与胸肌重、胸宽与胸肌重、胸宽与胸肌率、胸肌率与胸肌重均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),提示在生长后期体重、胸宽较适宜作为胸肌重的间接选择指标。[结论]本研究结果可为乌嘴白羽优质肉鸭的选育、饲养管理、种质资源的开发利用提供理论依据。[Obejective]The new duck species with black mouth and white plumage is a small-sized meat duck produced by crossbreeding.The aim of present study was to investigate the growth rate and major slaughter traits of mentioned duck species.[Methods]The major indexes of growth rate and slaughter traits were selected and measured at 28,42,56,and 70 days of developmental age,and the correlation analysis was performed to determine any potential relationship between growth rate and slaughter traits.[Results]The results showed that the main indexes of growth rate including body slope length,breast width,breast depth,keel bone length,pelvis width,shank length,shinbone girth,and neck length displayed a significant increase with the increase of the developmental age(P<0.05).However no significant difference was detected with the body slope length,breast depth and neck length in male ducks and body slope length,breast depth,keel bone length and neck length(P>0.05)in both male and female ducks at 56 and 70-day old with slower bone growth rate.Among the slaughter indexes,the quality of different parts of both male and female ducks was increased significantly with the increase of the growth age(P<0.05).No significant difference of dressing percentage was observed between male and female ducks at all different ages(P>0.05),while a significant difference in percentage of eviscerated yield and breast muscle was detected(P<0.05).The results of correlation analysis revealed a significantly positive correlation between body weight and breast muscle weight,breast width and breast muscle weight,breast width and percentage of breast muscle,percentage of breast muscle and breast muscle weight at the later growth stage(56 and 70 days),suggesting that body weight and breast width could be used as the indirect selection indexes for breast muscle weight at the later growth stage.[Conclusion]The study results can be a guidance for duck breeding,feeding management and the utilization of germplasm resources of the new duck species.

关 键 词：鸭 体尺性能 屠宰性能 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S834[农业科学—畜牧学]