典型石油城市道路积尘重金属污染及健康风险评价  

Pollution and health risk of heavy metals in road dust of a typical petroleum city

作　　者：阿迪莱·伊斯马伊力 麦麦提吐尔逊·艾则孜[1,2] 靳万贵[1] 阿地拉·艾来提 Adila Ismayil;Mamattursun Eziz;JIN Wangui;Adila Hayrat(College of Geographical Science and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830054;Xinjiang Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Zone,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830054)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆师范大学新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2020年第4期487-492,522,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.41867076、No.41561073).

摘　　要：从新疆典型石油城市克拉玛依市采集52个道路积尘样品,测定其中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb和Hg 6种重金属元素的含量,采用地质累积指数法与美国环境保护署(USEPA)推荐的健康风险评价模型,分析了道路积尘重金属污染及潜在健康风险。结果表明,克拉玛依市道路积尘中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Hg的平均值分别为新疆土壤背景值的1.62、1.75、0.99、1.50、1.24、2.94倍,道路积尘中6种重金属元素的地质累积指数(I_(geo))平均值排序为Hg>As>Cu>Pb>Cr>Cd。其中,Hg处于轻度污染,其他5种元素均处于无污染水平。总体上,As、Cu、Hg的I_(geo)从西北向东南呈减小趋势;Cd的I_(geo)空间分布较为离散,出现两个同心圆状分布格局;Pb、Cr的I_(geo)呈现均匀分布格局。健康风险评价结果表明,克拉玛依市道路积尘中重金属元素的非致癌风险及致癌风险均处于安全范围内,主要暴露途径为手-口摄入,儿童受到的健康风险高于成人,As是克拉玛依市道路积尘中最主要健康风险元素。A total of 52 road dust samples were collected from a typical petroleum city,Karamay,Xinjiang,and the contents of six heavy metal elements(As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb,and Hg)in road dust were measured.The pollution level and the potential health risk of heavy metals of road dust were evaluated based on the geo-accumulation index method and the health risk assessment model recommend by USEPA.The obtained results showed that the average content of As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb,and Hg of road dust in Karamay city was 1.62,1.75,0.99,1.50,1.24 and 2.94 times of background value of Xinjiang soil,respectively.The average value of the geo-accumulation index(I geo)of six heavy metals was ordered by Hg>As>Cu>Pb>Cr>Cd,which Hg showed the light pollution level,where as other five elements showed the no pollution level.The I geo of As,Cu,Hg was relative higher in the northwest of the study area,and gradually decreased to the southeast.The spatial distribution of I geo of Cd was discrete,which presented two concentric rings distribution pattern,and I geo of Pb,Cr was in an uniform distribution pattern.Results of health risk assessment showed that the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks of heavy metals in road dust in Karamay were found to be within the safe range.The hand-mouth ingest intake was the dominant pathway of the health risks of road dusts in Karamay,and the health risk of children was higher than that of adults.Overall,As was the main health risk element of road dust in Karamay.

关 键 词：道路积尘 重金属 污染 健康风险 克拉玛依市 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4