原油组分对含蜡原油析蜡特征的影响规律  

Influence laws of crude oil composition on wax precipitation characteristics of waxy crude oil

作　　者：李光辉[1] 严美容 李晓丹 LI Guanghui;YAN Meirong;LI Xiaodan(College of Vehicles and Energy,Yanshan University)

机构地区：[1]燕山大学车辆与能源学院

出　　处：《油气储运》2020年第3期298-302,共5页Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金青年基金资助项目“井筒中油水两相析蜡特征分析”,E2016203212;燕山大学博士基金资助项目“高含蜡原油析蜡特征分析和井筒结蜡厚度模拟”,B951。

摘　　要：准确预测析蜡特征对于把握清防蜡时机尤为重要。在原油组分和组成分析的基础上制备了3个系列的模拟原油,利用高温气相色谱分析了油样的组分及其对应蜡组分的碳数分布,并应用差示扫描量热法(DSC)测量了模拟原油的析蜡点、析蜡高峰温度及平均放热焓等参数的变化规律。结果表明:胶质和沥青质质量分数增加对析蜡点和析蜡高峰温度影响较小;芳烃质量分数增加会显著降低析蜡点和析蜡高峰温度,但在一定质量分数下会造成沥青质析出;含蜡量增加会大幅提高析蜡点和析蜡高峰温度,不利于加热法解除近井蜡堵。试验结果有利于热力学预测高含蜡原油析蜡特征及指导油井清蜡。Accurate prediction on wax precipitation characteristics is very important to seize the right time to clean and prevent from wax.Three series of simulated crude oils were prepared on the basis of crude oil composition and its analysis.The composition of the oil sample and the carbon number distribution of the wax composition were analyzed with high temperature gas chromatography.Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)was used to measure the variation of wax precipitation point,wax precipitation peak temperature and average exothermic enthalpy of these simulated oils.The results show that the increased mass fraction of resin and asphaltene has little effect on wax precipitation point and wax precipitation peak temperature,whereas the increased mass fraction of aromatic hydrocarbon can significantly reduce the wax precipitation point and wax precipitation peak temperature though the asphaltene may be precipitated at a certain mass fraction.The increase of wax content will cause significant rises in the wax precipitation point and the wax precipitation peak temperature,which are not conducive to the removal of wax blockage near the well by heating method.The test results could contribute to the thermodynamic prediction of wax precipitation characteristics of high waxy crude oil and guiding the oil well wax removal.

关 键 词：含蜡原油 含蜡量 胶质 沥青质 析蜡特征 析蜡点 

分 类 号：TE81[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]