航天器软件人机界面工效评价指标与评价方法研究  

Research on Ergonomic Evaluation Indicator and Methodology for Interactive Interface of Spacecraft Software

作　　者：孙建华 蒋婷[1] 王春慧[1] 刘旺 姜昌华[1] 孙恒硕 宋玲 崔玉静 杨燕昆 张小鹏 吴立涛 SUN Jianhua;JIANG Ting;WANG Chunhui;LIU Wang;JIANG Changhua;SUN Hengshuo;SONG Ling;CUI Yujing;YANG Yankun;ZHANG Xiaopeng;WU Litao(National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering,China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心人因工程重点实验室,北京100094 [2]西安交通大学机械工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《载人航天》2020年第2期208-213,共6页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：载人航天预先研究项目(030602);航天引导基金项目(HTYKY201804);人因工程重点实验室基础研究基金对外开放基金(SYFD170051809K)。

摘　　要：针对航天器软件人机界面工效学评价工程化的问题,开展了航天器软件人机界面工效评价指标与评价方法研究,以有效提升航天员工作效率,提高系统绩效并保障航天员安全。根据软件人机界面工效学评价中分级评价、明确评价结论和建议等要求,提出涵盖要素属性、整合属性和交互属性3类工效学指标体系,建立了覆盖界面层、操作层和需求层的工效学评价方法,并对多个航天器软件进行工效评价实践,验证了工效评价指标与评价方法的有效性。通过对航天器软件人机界面普遍存在的工效问题分析,提出改进建议,为航天器软件的研制提供界面设计指导。Targeting the engineering problem of ergonomic evaluation of interactive interface of spacecraft software,the ergonomic evaluation indicators and evaluation methods of interactive interface of spacecraft software were studied so as to effectively improve the work efficiency of astronauts,to improve the system performance and to ensure the safety of astronauts.According to the requirements of grading evaluation,clear evaluation conclusions and suggestions in the ergonomic evaluation of software interactive interface,an ergonomic indicator system covering the elemental attributes,the integration attributes and the interaction attributes was proposed,the ergonomic evaluation method covering interface layer,operation layer and demand layer was established.Then the effectiveness of the evaluation indicator and evaluation method was verified by the ergonomic evaluation practice of multiple spacecraft software.In addition,through the analysis of the ergonomic problems commonly existed in the spacecraft software interactive interface,some suggestions for improvement were put forward which may provide guidance for interface design in the development of spacecraft software.

关 键 词：航天器 软件 人机界面 工效 评价指标 评价方法 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]