面向典型污染物检测的纳米敏感材料与高性能传感器研究进展  

Development of High sensitivity Nano-materials and Outstanding Performance Sensors for the Special Pollutants Detection

作　　者：王跃林[1] 蔡伟平[2] 程振兴 李铁[1] 褚卫国[4] 贺军辉[5] Wang Yuelin;Cai Weiping;Cheng Zhenxing;Li Tie;Chu Weiguo;He Junhui(Shanghai Institute of Microsystems and Information Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200050;Hefei Institute of Material Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 102205;Chinese People’s Liberation Army Army Institute of Chemical Defense,Beijing 102205;National Center for Nanoscience,Beijing 100190;Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所,上海200050 [2]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,合肥230031 [3]中国人民解放军陆军防化学院,北京102205 [4]国家纳米科学中心,北京100190 [5]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《中国基础科学》2019年第6期21-34,共14页China Basic Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFA0207100)。

摘　　要：本文对纳米科技重点专项《面向典型污染物检测的纳米敏感材料与高性能传感器基础研究》项目中期进展情况进行了总结。该项目针对高危有机化学品和持久性有机污染物的检测,重点开展四方面的工作,一是研究纳米结构材料与待测目标物的相互作用及敏感机制,为传感器的研究提供敏感材料;二是研究纳米材料表面功能化与富集分离工作机制,为传感器的研究提供特异性富集分离材料;三是研究敏感信号转换机制及超高灵敏检测方法,为传感器的研究提供设计和制造基础;四是综合上述三方面的研究成果,重点研制针对六六六、汞、TNT和沙林等的高性能现场快速检测传感器,并对传感器进行应用示范。经过两年的努力,项目提出了5种纳米敏感结构构筑新方法,实现了纳米敏感结构阵列的大面积构筑;通过纳米结构表面修饰与异质包覆,实现了选择性敏感效应;发展了系列阶层多孔纳米材料的功能化制备以及毒性甄别方法;硅纳米线实现了三维可控批量制造;提出了高能效下沉式三维微加热器结构;在硅纳米线上实现了多种基团分子的简单、可控修饰;初步形成了传感器制造平台方案,研制出原型传感器,确定了示范应用方案。This paper summarized the important research of"Foundational Research on Sensitivity Nano-materials and High Performance Sensors for Special Pollutants Detection",a key project of nanotechnology.The project focused on the detection of high-risk organic chemicals and persistent organic pollutants.Firstly,the interaction and recognizing mechanism between nanostructured materials and the targets was tested,providing sensitive materials for sensor research,Secondly,the mechanism of surface functionalization was studied to provide specific enrichment and separation materials for sensor re-search,Thirdly,the mechanism of signal conversion and ultra-sensitive detection methods were also studied to provide design and manufacturing foundation for sensor research,Finally,based on the above research results,this project was then focused on the development of high-performance sensors with on-site rapid detection ability to benzex,mercury,TNT and sarin.After two years,the project has proposed five new methods to construct nano-sensitive structure arrays,realized large-scale construction of nano-sensitive structure arrays,a-chieved high selectivity and sensitivity through surface modification and heterogeneous coating of nanostructures,and developed a series of layers of porous nano-materials and toxicity screening methods.Importantly,the three-dimensional controllable mass production of silicon nanowires has been realized;and a high efficiency three-dimensional micro-heater structure has been also proposed,Meanwhile,simple and controllable modifi-cations of various groups have been realized on silicon nanowires.Generally,a sensor manufacturing platform has been preliminarily formed,prototype sensors have been developed,and the application of sensors has been demonstrated.

关 键 词：纳米结构材料 毒性甄别 快速检测 批量制造 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]