法经济学视阈下人工智能产品责任归责原则  

The Imputation Principle of Artificial Intelligence Product Liability in the Perspective of Law and Economics

作　　者：魏益华[1] 于艾思 WEI Yi-hua;YU Ai-si

机构地区：[1]吉林大学中国国有经济研究中心暨经济学院 [2]吉林大学经济学院,长春130012

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2020年第2期110-118,221,共10页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：人工智能技术的发展和应用极大地便利了人们的生活,但随之而来的侵权案件也对我国尚未完善的产品责任制度提出了新要求。由于人工智能产品具有不同于普通产品的自主性,需要在法经济学视阈下重构人工智能技术背景下的产品责任制度。依据科斯定理分析产品责任制度的必要性及制度目标选择,运用生产者责任-创新理论和消费者剩余理论,分析产品责任制度对市场主体权益的影响机制。理论分析结果表明,应当明确以过错责任而非严格责任作为我国人工智能产品责任归责原则。这既符合司法中的保障主体权益要求,又能最大化人工智能发展阶段的资源配置效率。With the continuous innovation and application of technology,artificial intelligence products are continuously produced. While artificial intelligence provides convenience for people’s lives,it also triggers a series of product liability events. The particularity of artificial intelligence products puts forw ard new requirements for China’s uncompleted product liability system. Coase Theorem provides theoretical support for the necessity of product liability system and the choice of institutional goals. Using producer responsibility-innovation model and consumer surplus to analyze the impact mechanism of product liability system on the rights and interests of various entities in the market. It is proposed that the fault liability rather than the strict liability should be taken as the principle of liability for the liability system of artificial intelligence products in China. It not only conforms to the protection of judicial subject rights,but also maximizes the efficiency of resource allocation during the development stage of artificial intelligence.

关 键 词：人工智能产品 产品责任 归责原则 过错责任 

分 类 号：D90-05[政治法律—法学理论] D923[政治法律—法学] D923.8