镀锌钢的液态金属脆现象及其在电阻点焊过程中的表现  

Liquid metal embrittlement of galvanized steel and its performance during resistance spot welding

作　　者：陈挺 凌展翔 王敏[1,2] 孔谅 CHEN Ting;LING Zhan-xiang;WANG Min;KONG Liang(Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-sea Exploration,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学上海市激光制造与材料改性重点实验室,上海200240 [2]高新船舶与深海开发装备协同创新中心,上海200240

出　　处：《材料工程》2020年第4期89-99,共11页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0304403)。

摘　　要：液态金属脆是指通常具有韧性的固体金属或者合金与液态金属直接接触且受到拉伸应力时,其塑性降低并发生脆性断裂的现象。钢在液态锌中会发生液态金属脆现象,这在镀锌钢的热拉伸实验中得到了证实。此外,研究人员发现在镀锌高强钢的电阻点焊过程中也会出现液态金属脆现象,表现为在焊点表面出现大量裂纹,这些裂纹对焊点性能存在潜在危害。本文回顾了镀锌钢液态金属脆现象的热拉伸实验研究,阐明了影响脆化现象的实验因素;综述了镀锌钢在电阻点焊过程中发生液态金属脆现象的研究进展,分析了产生裂纹的位置及其影响因素,并总结了可能的解决方案。Liquid metal embrittlement is a phenomenon that when a solid metal or alloy with toughness is in direct contact with a liquid metal and a tensile stress is applied, its plasticity decreases and brittle fracture occurs. Liquid metal embrittlement occurs in steels when in contact with liquid zinc, which has been confirmed in the hot tensile test of galvanized steel. In addition, researchers have found that liquid metal embrittlement may also occur during the resistance spot welding of galvanized high-strength steels. It appears that there are a large number of cracks on the surface of the weld spots. These cracks are potentially harmful to the performance of joints. The hot tensile test of the liquid metal embrittlement of galvanized steel was reviewed, the experimental factors that affect the liquid metal embrittlement were clarified, the research progress of liquid metal embrittlement in galvanized steel during resistance spot welding was summarized, and the location of cracks and its influencing factors were analyzed, and possible solutions were summarized.

关 键 词：液态金属脆 镀锌钢 热拉伸测试 电阻点焊 

分 类 号：TG453.9[金属学及工艺—焊接]