2219铝合金薄壁曲面件拉形过程变形均匀性  

Deformation uniformity of 2219 aluminum alloy thin-walled curved parts in stretch forming process

作　　者：安立辉[1,2] 苑世剑[1] AN Li-hui;YUAN Shi-jian(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150001 [2]中国运载火箭技术研究院,北京100076

出　　处：《材料工程》2020年第4期123-130,共8页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0306304);国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1637209)。

摘　　要：为改善2219铝合金薄壁拉形曲面件的变形均匀性,建立基于Hill 1990各向异性屈服准则的有限元模型,利用ABAQUS软件对曲面件的应变分布规律进行数值模拟,分析加载路径和板坯形状对拉形变形均匀性的影响规律。结果表明:加载路径和板坯形状对曲面件的变形均匀性有较大影响。采用折线路径,开始加载时使板材发生压缩失稳从而形成一定拱形,不仅可缓解左侧钳口附近的破裂倾向,还可增加曲面件右侧变形量,从而提高其变形均匀性。此外,减小变形量不足位置对应的板坯宽度,如采用中间窄板坯或左侧宽板坯,使其在拉形时所受应力增加,从而提高其变形量,也可实现变形均匀性的改善。最终,利用矩形板坯,经两次转折的实验路径进行拉形,获得了表面质量良好的高性能2219铝合金薄壁曲面件。In order to improve the deformation uniformity of stretch formed 2219 aluminum alloy thin-walled curved parts, the finite element model based on Hill 1990 anisotropic yield criterion was established and their strain distribution was simulated numerically by using the ABAQUS software. On this basis, the effects of loading path and blank shape on the uniformity of stretching deformation were analysed. Results show that both of the loading path and the blank shape have great influence on the deformation uniformity of the curved parts. If the zigzag paths are used, the 2219 aluminum alloy sheet is compressed at the beginning of loading until it becomes to be a certain arch. In this case, not only the rupture tendency near the left clamp can be alleviated, but also the deformation on the right side of the curved part can increase, so as the deformation uniformity can be improved. Moreover, the deformation uniformity can also be improved by reducing the sheet width where the deformation is insufficient. For example, the sheet with small size in the middle or the trapezoid sheet with larger size in left is recommended. In this case, the stress increases in the narrow area during the stretching process, which makes it undergo greater deformation. In the end, the high performance 2219 aluminum alloy curved parts with good surface quality are obtained by stretch forming of rectangular sheet under a zigzag path.

关 键 词：拉形 2219铝合金 薄壁曲面件 加载路径 板坯形状 

分 类 号：TG389[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]