方兴未艾的冰冻圈科学分支学科――冰冻圈气候学  

Cryospheric Climatology:Emerging Branch of Cryospheric Science

作　　者：罗勇[1] 秦大河 翟盘茂[4] 马丽娟[5] 周波涛[6] 徐新武 LUO Yong;QIN Dahe;ZHAI Panmao;MA Lijuan;ZHOU Botao;XU Xinwu(Department of Earth System Science,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China;Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;National Climate Center,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China;School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学地球系统科学系,北京100084 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,兰州730000 [3]中国气象局,北京100081 [4]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [5]中国气象局国家气候中心,北京100081 [6]南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,南京210044 [7]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2020年第4期407-413,共7页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学创新研究群体科学基金(41721091);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK1001)。

摘　　要：20世纪80年代以来,现代气候系统理论的建立和发展推动了冰冻圈科学和气候学的交叉融合,进而催生了冰冻圈气候学。冰冻圈的形成演化和地球气候有着密切关系。冰冻圈不仅是一定条件下气候的产物,其变化也影响到天气和气候,影响人类社会经济和可持续发展。冰冻圈气候学就是研究冰冻圈变化与大气圈的互馈作用及其物理机制的科学。文章从介绍冰冻圈气候学的发展历史入手,系统阐释冰冻圈气候学的基本概念和学科特点。冰冻圈气候学重点研究冰冻圈在天气气候及大气环流形成与变异中的作用、冰冻圈-大气圈相互作用的过程与机理、气候系统和冰冻圈模式的发展、气候变化与冰冻圈变化的预估,以及冰冻圈气候学对经济社会的服务功能。继续深化对冰冻圈和大气圈相互作用过程与机理的认识,推动陆地冰冻圈、海洋冰冻圈和大气冰冻圈过程参数化方案向精细化、定量化、复杂性方向发展,特别是重点考虑冰冻圈不同分量和要素非线性作用的时空尺度,发展耦合冰冻圈过程的全球与区域气候系统模式是冰冻圈气候学的未来发展趋势。Since the 1980s,the establishment and development of modern climate system theory have promoted the cross integration of cryospheric science and climatology,thus giving birth to a new branch of cryospheric science—cryospheric climatology.The formation and evolution of cryosphere are closely related to the earth’s climate.Now it is generally recognized that cryosphere is not only the product of climate under certain conditions,but also its changes affect the weather and climate,and affect the social economy and sustainable development of human beings.Cryospheric climatology is a science that studies the interaction between cryosphere and atmosphere and its physical mechanism.Starting from the introduction of the development history of cryospheric climatology,this paper systematically explains its basic concepts and subject characteristics.Cryospheric climatology focuses on the role of cryosphere in the formation and anomaly of weather,climate,and general atmospheric circulations,the process and mechanism of interaction between cryosphere and atmosphere,the development of climate system model and cryosphere models,the projection of change in climate and cryosphere,and the service function of cryospheric climatology to social economy.We will continue to deepen the understanding of interaction process and mechanism between the cryosphere and the atmosphere,and promote the development of parameterization schemes for the processes of terrestrial cryosphere,marine cryosphere,and atmospheric cryosphere towards refinement,quantification,and complexity.In particular,we will focus on considering the spatial-temporal scales of nonlinear effects among different components and elements of the cryosphere.The development of global and regional climate system model coupled with cryosphere processes is the future trend of cryospheric climatology.

关 键 词：冰冻圈气候学 气候学 冰冻圈科学 交叉学科 气候系统 气候变化 

分 类 号：P46[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P343.6