经编织物类复合膜材拉伸力学性能的温度效应  

Temperature effect on tensile properties of warp-knitted composite fabrics

作　　者：陈建稳[1] 吴善祥 赵兵[2] 关晓宇 夏雨凡 王明洋[3] Chen Jianwen;Wu Shanxiang;Zhao Bing;Guan Xiaoyu;Xia Yufan;Wang Mingyang(School of Science,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Space Structures Research Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200030,China;School of Mechanical and Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学理学院,南京210094 [2]上海交通大学空间结构研究中心,上海200030 [3]南京理工大学机械工程学院,南京210094

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第2期251-259,共9页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51608270);江苏省基础研究计划资助项目(BK20191290);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(30920021143);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2016M601816,2017T100371).

摘　　要：为了得到经编织物膜材在高温下的拉伸力学性能,以典型经编织物膜材PVDF Shelter-Rite#9032为研究对象,进行了5种温度(10、25、50、75、100℃)下的单轴拉伸性能试验及破坏后试样截面电镜扫描测试,系统分析了膜材强度、刚度、变形及破坏形态特征随温度变化规律.研究结果表明,高温可明显弱化组分材料强度、刚度及组分界面间变形协调能力,随温度升高膜材应力-应变曲线的初始线性段范围减小且其后续特征段刚度及抗拉强度降低显著,其中与10℃时相比,100℃时膜材Ⅲ阶段纬向刚度及抗拉强度的降幅分别可达50.64%与39.78%.各温度下经向刚度随应变均呈现出降-升-降的S形特征,而纬向因纱线拉伸变形历程中存在卷曲伸展阶段,配合材料的高温效应,其刚度曲线表现出S形到M形的转变特征.温度升高使得基体塑性变形能力增强、纱线与基体间应力集中效应减弱,断口呈现出粗糙化及纱线抽出特征,100℃时基体和纱线层间黏结被严重削弱,端部出现明显脱黏与滑移现象.To obtain the tensile mechanical properties of warp-knitted fabrics at high temperatures, a series of uniaxial tensile tests at 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 ℃ and sectional electron microscopy scan of the sample after destruction were performed on a typical warp-knitted composite fabrics, i.e., PVDF Shelter-Rite#9032. The variations of strength, stiffness, deformation, and failure morphology of the studied material at different temperatures were systematically analyzed. The results show that the strength and the stiffness of the component materials, and the interfacial deformation coordination ability are significantly weakened at the high temperature. With the increase of the temperature, the range of the initial linear section of the material stress-strain curve decreases, and the stiffness and the tensile strength of the subsequent characteristic sections decrease significantly. Compared with those at 10 ℃, the weft stiffness and the weft tensile strength of the membrane material in stage Ⅲ at 100 ℃ can be reduced by 50.64% and 39.78%, respectively. The warp stiffness, at each temperature, exhibits a down-up-down S-shaped characteristic with the strain, and when the weft yarn has a stage from curl to straight in the deformation process, the weft stiffness curve shows the transition characteristics from S shape to M shape. The plastic deformation ability of the substrate is enhanced, and the stress concentration effect between the yarn and the substrate is weakened with the increasing temperature, and the fracture of the sample exhibits roughness and yarn pull-out characteristics. The bond between the substrate and the yarn of the composite fabric is severely weakened at 100 ℃, and there are obvious peeling and slipping debonding phenomena at the clamping end of the composite fabric during the tests.

关 键 词：经编膜材 高温 非线性 强度 刚度 破坏形态 

分 类 号：TU502.6[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]