基于机器视觉的奶牛发情行为自动识别方法  

Automatic Recognition Method of Dairy Cow Estrus Behavior Based on Machine Vision

作　　者：王少华 何东健[1,2] 刘冬 WANG Shaohua;HE Dongjian;LIU Dong(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]农业农村部农业物联网重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2020年第4期241-249,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0701603);国家自然科学基金面上项目(61473235)。

摘　　要：及时检测奶牛发情、适时人工授精、减少空怀奶牛,是奶牛养殖场增加产奶量的关键手段。针对基于运动量和体温等体征的接触式奶牛发情识别方法会造成奶牛应激反应且识别准确率不高的问题,提出了一种非接触式奶牛发情行为自动识别方法。该方法首先使用改进的高斯混合模型实现运动奶牛目标检测,然后基于颜色和纹理信息去除干扰背景,再利用Alex Net深度学习网络训练奶牛行为分类网络模型,识别奶牛爬跨行为,最终实现对奶牛发情行为的自动识别。在供试数据集上的试验结果表明,本文方法对奶牛发情的识别准确率为100%,召回率为88.24%。本文方法可应用于奶牛养殖场的日常发情监测中,为生产管理提供辅助决策。Milk is one of the main sources for humans to obtain protein,and dairy industry is also an important pillar industry for agricultural personnel in China to increase their income. Detecting the estrus of dairy cows in time,artfical insemination them at the right time,and reducing cows’ emptiness are the key means to increase the milk production of dairy farms. As the methods of identifying dairy cow estrus based on physical signs such as activity or body temperature often cause stress reactions of cows and accuracy is also not high enough,a non-contacted automatic method for recognizing estrus behaviors of cows was proposed. In this method,an improved Gaussian mixture model to achieve target detection for moving cows was used. Then,interference images were removed based on the information of color and texture. Next,a cow behavior classification network model based on AlexNet was trained to identify cows’ mounting behavior. Finally,based on the classification model result,automatic recognition of estrus behavior of cows was realized. Experiments on the test video data sets showed that the accuracy rate of the method was 100%,and the recall rate was 88. 24%. The method can be used for daily estrus monitoring of dairy farms,and it can also provide support for decision-making of their production management. The research can also serve as a reference for the automatic recognition of other large animals’ behaviors.

关 键 词：奶牛 发情行为 高斯混合模型 颜色 纹理 深度学习 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] S24[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]