直流冷却型火电厂水污染防治技术研究  

Research on water pollution prevention and control technology of fossil-fired power plants with once-through cooling system

作　　者：胡大龙[1] 冉琼 王正江[1] 熊卫军 许臻[1] 杨阳 王博 卢剑 姜琪[1] HU Dalong;RAN Qiong;WANG Zhengjiang;XIONG Weijun;XU Zhen;YANG Yang;WANG Bo;LU Jian;JIANG Qi(Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Company Limited,Xi’an 710054,China;Xi’an Yitong Thermal Power Technical Service Company Limited,Xi’an 710054,China;Huaneng Wuhan Power Generation Company Limited,Wuhan 431400,China)

机构地区：[1]西安热工研究院有限公司,西安710054 [2]西安益通热工技术服务有限责任公司,西安710054 [3]华能武汉发电有限责任公司,武汉431400

出　　处：《华电技术》2020年第3期1-7,共7页HUADIAN TECHNOLOGY

基　　金：中国华能集团科技项目(HNKJ18-H18)。

摘　　要：为满足日益严格的环保要求,火电厂正在大规模地开展废水治理工作。根据4家典型沿江、沿海地区直流冷却型火电厂的单位发电量取水量、单位发电量排水量、总废水排放量及全厂外排水率等指标,对火电厂化学除盐水系统、脱硫系统、灰渣系统等主要用水系统的用排水现状进行了分析。根据分析、统计,总结出沿江、沿海的直流冷却型火电厂用水系统中普遍存在的主要问题,提出了与实际情况相结合的水污染防治技术:首先,优化全厂用水系统,使用水流程达到最优;其次,采用节水技术,减少废水产生量;再次,废水处理后回用,减少最终废水量;最后,将末端废水浓缩减量或固化处理。优化后,直流冷却型火电厂单位发电量取水量可降低至0.160~0.240 m3(/MW·h)。In order to meet the increasingly strict environmental requirements,fossil-fired power plants are carrying out large-scale wastewater treatments.According to the statistics including water intake quantity for unit power generation,water discharge per unit power generation,total wastewater discharge and water discharge rate of four power plants which are once-through cooling units in coastal and riverside areas,the water usage and discharge conditions of chemical demineralised water systems,desulfurization systems,ash-slag disposal systems in power plants are analyzed.The common problems existing in the main systems need water supply of once-through cooling power plants in coastal and riverside areas were summarized,and a water pollution control technology was put forward combined with the actual situation of the power plants.Firstly,the water flow should be optimized by adjusting the water-demand systems.Secondly,water-saving technology is taken to reduce the amount of wastewater production.Thirdly,wastewater is reused after treatment to reduce the terminal amount.Finally,the terminal wastewater is concentrated or solidification.After the optimization on the fossilfired power plant with once-through cooling system,the water intake quantity for unit power generation could be reduced to 0.160-0.240 m3(/MW·h).

关 键 词：直流冷却火电厂 用水与排水 节水 单位发电量取水量 废水回用 水污染防治 废水零排放 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]