限制开发生态区土地利用景观格局变化环境效应研究  

LUCC-landscape pattern and ecological environment effects of the restricted development ecology zone

作　　者：程淑杰[1] 吴伟[2] 朱志玲[3] 王婷[1] 王重玲[1] Cheng Shujie;Wu Wei;Zhu Zhiling;Wang Ting;Wang Chongling(Civil Engineering Architecture,Yinchuan Enery Institute,Yinchuan 750105,China;Landscape Department,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;School of Resources and Environment,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]银川能源学院土木建筑学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]同济大学景观系,上海200092 [3]宁夏大学资源环境学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《农业科学研究》2019年第4期27-33,共7页Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41161078);宁夏高校科研项目(NGY2017244)。

摘　　要：选取宁夏限制开发生态区中部干旱带为研究区,利用1989、1999、2006和2016年4期Landsat TM影像数据,以土地利用变化数据为基础数据源,采用土地利用/覆被变化幅度、土地利用转移矩阵、景观格局变化、生态环境质量指数,定量分析研究区土地利用变化方向与速度、土地利用转型特征、景观格局时空特征、生态环境综合指数大小及空间分布格局与生态环境效应.结果表明:①水浇地、建设用地面积呈现稳步增长趋势;旱地面积呈现先增长后下降的倒“V”型趋势;林、草地面积呈现先下降后增长的“U”型趋势;水域面积变化呈先增长后下降再增长的“N”型趋势;未利用地面积持续减少.三个阶段中,促使土地利用类型发生变化的驱动力分别是:对粮食的基本需求,对经济发展的需求和对生态环境限制开发的需求.②景观格局空间异质性在减小,景观形状不断复杂化,破碎度加深.③生态环境质量指数在各期有波动,但整体呈增长趋势,表明退耕还林(草)与生态移民政策得到了很好的响应.4 counties in the central arid zone of Ningxia are selected as the research areas of the restricted development ecology zone.With 1989,1999,2000 and 2016,4 periods land-sat TM satellite remote sensing images as the main data resource.Used extent of change in land use/cover change,land use transfer matrix,landscape pattern change and ecological environment quality index to quantitative analysis the direction and speed of land use change、the characteristics of land use transformation、spatial and temporal characteristics of landscape pattern、comprehensive index of ecological environment and the ecological environmental effect.Researches show that:①Land use/cover area changed significantly,among them,the area of irrigated land and construction land show an increasing trend,the area of dry land shows inverted"V"type change;woodland and grassland show“U”type with decrease firstly and then increase;water area shows an"N"pattern of growth followed by decline followed by growth.Respectively,in the three stages,driving force to the LUCC are:the need for food,the need for development and the need for ecological environment.②Spatial heterogeneity is decreasing,shape is complex and fragmentation became worse.③As a whole,the ecological environment index is steadily improved in a large scale.In order to evaluate the quality of ecological environment more objectively and comprehensively,we provide an important reference to achieve a rational allocation and comprehensive treatment of the ecological environment.

关 键 词：限制开发生态区 土地利用/覆被 景观格局 生态环境效应 宁夏中部干旱带 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]