基于探地雷达的高原鼢鼠洞道结构特征  

Study on the structural characteristics of plateau zokor tunnels based on ground-penetrating radar

作　　者：张午朝 马育军 李小雁 王雷[4] ZHANG Wuzhao;MA Yujun;LI Xiaoyan;WANG Lei(College of Natural Resources,Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology,Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,Guangdong,China;Sanjiaocheng Sheep Breeding Farm of Qinghai Province,Haibei 812300,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理科学学部自然资源学院,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学地理科学学部地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [3]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东广州510275 [4]青海省三角城种羊场,青海海北812300

出　　处：《草业科学》2020年第3期574-582,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41771026、41730854);长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目(IRT_15R06)。

摘　　要：高原鼢鼠(Eospalax baileyi)是青藏高原特有的小型穴居动物之一,量化高原鼢鼠的洞道结构可以为深入研究其扰动对生态环境的影响奠定基础,而探地雷达方法可以无损、高效地获取地下洞道的结构特征。本研究借助探地雷达方法获得了高原鼢鼠洞道的深度、直径和走向,并与传统挖掘方法进行了对比,结果显示,探地雷达所得洞道位置与开挖样方所得洞道位置相符,两种方法得到的洞道直径和深度没有显著差别(P>0.05),表明探地雷达方法可以得到较为准确的结果。高原鼢鼠洞道的深度介于1.6~19.8 cm,平均值为11.9 cm;直径介于2.1~14.4 cm,平均为9.1 cm;地下洞道略有起伏,但整体处于同一水平面内,地下洞道所处位置与地表鼠丘分布具有良好的对应关系,新鼠丘下方洞道较连续,旧鼠丘下方洞道较破碎。本研究通过探地雷达成功获取了高原鼢鼠洞道的结构特征,可以在此基础上进一步研究其扰动对土壤性质和植被特征的影响机制,全面评估高原鼢鼠在整个生态系统中的作用。Plateau zokor(Eospalax baileyi)is a small cave dwelling animal peculiar to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Quantifying the structure of plateau zokor tunnels can provide a foundation for future studies on the effect of its disturbance on the ecological environment.Ground-penetrating radar(GPR)can acquire the structural characteristics of underground tunnels in a nonvisible,nondestructive,and highly efficient manner.In this study,the depth,diameter,and direction of plateau zokor tunnels were investigated using the GPR method,and compared with those obtained with the traditional digging method.The results showed that the tunnel position obtained by GPR was consistent with that obtained by excavation,and there was no significant difference between these two methods in tunnel diameter and depth(P>0.05),indicating that the GPR method was able to obtain accurate results.The depths of plateau zokor tunnels ranged from 1.6 cm to 19.8 cm,with an average value of 11.9 cm;the diameters of the tunnels ranged from 2.1 cm to 14.4 cm,with an average value of 9.1 cm;the underground tunnels fluctuated slightly,but was generally distributed in the same horizontal plane.Moreover,there was a good correspondence between the location of the underground tunnels and the distribution of land surface mounds;the tunnels under the new mounds were more continuous and the tunnels under the old mounds were more fragmented.In general,the structural characteristics of plateau zokor tunnels were successfully obtained by GPR,and we were able to study the mechanism of its influence on soil properties and vegetation characteristics,and to further comprehensively assess the role of plateau zokor in the entire ecosystem.

关 键 词：洞道深度 直径 走向 探地雷达 高原鼢鼠 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]