“城居保”改变了中国城镇居民的养老模式吗  

The impact of the Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance on pension mode in China

作　　者：方观富 唐天裕 FANG Guanfu;TANG Tianyu

机构地区：[1]上海对外经贸大学国际经贸学院

出　　处：《产业经济评论》2020年第2期84-98,共15页Review of Industrial Economics

摘　　要：本文利用城镇居民基本医疗保险改革实验,使用2002-2011年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查数据,实证检验了社会养老和家庭养老的替代关系。我们发现城居保的实施使得子女给予父母的经济支持下降,两者存在明显的替代关系。具体来说,城居保实施之后,相对于农村老人,城市老人从儿子和女儿得到转移支付的概率分别下降1.9%和1.6%,从儿子和女儿得到的转移支付金额分别降低11.9%和13.9%。我们还发现,城居保对子女转移支付的替代效应在女性、健康较差的、80岁以上的和未上过小学的老年人群中影响更大。另外,城居保对子女转移支付的影响在东部地区和传统宗族观念弱的地区更大。This paper uses the Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance(URBMI)and Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey from 2002 to 2011 to empirically test the alternative relationship between social pension and family pension.We found that URBMI has a significant'"substitute effect on family intergenerational economic support.Specifically,after the implementation of URBMI,the probability of parents getting transfer payments from sons and daughters decreased by 1.9%and 1.6%compared with rural residents,the amount of transfer payments from their sons and daughters decreased by 11.9%and 13.9%respectively.We also found that the substitution effect of URBMI on transfer payments among the mothers,unhealthy ones,over 80 years old ones and those who have graduated from primary schools is even greater.In addition,the impact of URBMI on the transfer payments of children is stronger in the eastern regions and areas with weak traditional clan concepts.

关 键 词：城居保 家庭代际支持 替代效应 医疗保险改革 

分 类 号：F842.684[经济管理—保险] D669.6[政治法律—政治学]