基于主成分分析对退化高寒草甸不同恢复方式下草地质量的综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Grassland Quality under Different Restoration Methods in Degraded Alpine Meadow Based on Principal Component Analysis

作　　者：张光茹 李红琴 杨永胜[1] 王军邦 祝景彬[1,2] 罗谨 贺慧丹 李英年 ZHANG Guang-ru;LI Hong-qin;YANG Yong-sheng;WANG Jun-bang;ZHU Jing-bin;LUO Jin;HE Hui-dan;LI Ying-nian(Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology,CAS,Xining 810001,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Luoyang Normal University,Luoyang 471934,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Naturel Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;Zaozhuang University,Zaozhuang 277100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810001 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]洛阳师范学院,河南洛阳471934 [4]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [5]枣庄学院,山东枣庄277100

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2020年第2期76-82,共7页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFA0604802);青海省科技基础条件平台项目(2018-ZJ-T09);国家自然基金面上项目(41877547,31270523)资助。

摘　　要：以青海省黄南县森多镇的退化高寒草甸为对象,通过野外调查及室内试验,研究围栏封育、人工建植及自然放牧对植被生物量特征和土壤理化性质的影响,并运用主成分分析对草地质量进行评价。结果表明:两种不同恢复方式中,人工建植对地上生物量具有更好的恢复效果,分别是围栏封育和自然放牧方式的1.17倍和1.63倍,地下生物量无显著差异。围栏封育11年后土壤有机质含量比人工建植和自然放牧分别高6.5%和4.8%,均达到显著差异水平(P<0.05)。对土壤理化性质的综合评价表明,在10~20cm、20~40cm土层人工建植样地的得分高于围栏封育样地,说明人工建植有利于深层土壤的恢复;对草地质量恢复效果评价表明,人工建植和围栏封育得分分别为0.366、0.236,也表现出人工建植对退化高寒草甸的恢复效果更好。The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of enclosure, artificial planting and natural grazing on vegetation biomass and properties of soil physical and chemical in degraded alpine meadow. We took the degraded alpine meadows in the Senduo Town, Huangnan County, Qinghai Province as the research object, and evaluated the grassland quality by principal component analysis through filed investigation and laboratory experiment. The results are as follows:(1)Artificial planting had better recovery effect on the aboveground biomass, which was 1.17 times and 1.63 times higher than that of the fencing and natural grazing, respectively, but there was no significant difference in underground biomass.(2)After 11 years of enclosure, the content of soil organic matter was 6.5% and 4.8% higher than that of artificial planting and natural grazing(P<0.05).(3)The comprehensive evaluation of soil physical and chemical properties showed the scores of 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm soil layer in artificial planting sample plots were-0.095 and 1.543, respectively, which was better than those in the enclosure sample plots, indicating that artificial planting was beneficial to the recovery of deep soil. The evaluation of grassland quality restoration showed that the scores of artificial planting and enclosure plotting of 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm soil layers were 0.366 and 0.236, respectively, which also showed that the artificial planting had a better recovery effect on degraded alpine meadow.

关 键 词：高寒草甸 植被 土壤理化性质 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S812.29[农业科学—草业科学]