鄂尔多斯盆地黄土塬三维地震技术突破及勘探开发效果  

Progress of 3D seismic exploration technologies and oil and gas exploration and development performance in the loess tableland area of the Ordos Basin

作　　者：付锁堂[1,2] 王大兴 姚宗惠[3] Fu Suotang;Wang Daxing;Yao Zonghui(PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company;National Engineering Labora tory for Exploration and Development of Low Permeability Oil and Gas fields;Changqing Geophysical Explora tion Office of BGP Inc.,CNPC)

机构地区：[1]中国石油长庆油田公司 [2]低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室 [3]中国石油集团东方地球物理公司长庆物探处

出　　处：《中国石油勘探》2020年第1期67-77,共11页China Petroleum Exploration

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“鄂尔多斯盆地致密油开发示范工程”(2017ZX05069),“鄂尔多斯盆地大型低渗透岩性地层油气藏开发示范工程”(2016ZX05050);中国石油天然气集团公司重大专项“长庆油田5000万吨持续高效稳产关键技术研究与应用”(2016E05)。

摘　　要：鄂尔多斯盆地黄土塬地区为举世闻名的地震勘探难区,为解决页岩岩性甜点预测、低幅度构造刻画、小断层和裂缝分布、水平井实时导向等高效油藏的勘探开发问题,通过多年地震持续攻关,创新了黄土塬井炮和低频可控震源“井震联合激发”的宽方位高覆盖三维地震勘探、超深微测井约束的三维网格层析静校正和黄土塬近地表吸收补偿、多属性降维和地质概率融合评价的甜点预测等多项技术,在陇东黄土塬合水县和宁县盘克“井震联合激发”三维区,地震地质导向页岩油水平井开发,油层平均钻遇率达87.4%,比不用地震导向提高10%以上,创建了长庆油田地震技术应用与油田开发结合的典型示范区。在宁夏盐池地区推广应用低频可控震源高覆盖三维地震技术,预测成功率为72.1%,较以往二维地震提高了一倍多,实现了黄土塬地震勘探技术的突破,有力支撑了油气勘探新发现和油气田高效开发。The loess tableland area of the Ordos Basin is a world-famous challenging area for seismic exploration.In order to solve issues in high-efficient oil exploration and development,such as sweet spots prediction in tight reservoirs,characterization of low-amplitude structures,distribution of small faults and fractures,and real-time geo-steering drilling in horizontal wells,studies have been carried out for many years on seismic exploration and several technologies have been developed,such as 3D seismic exploration with wide azimuth and broad coverage excited jointly by well shot on loess tableland and low-frequency vibrator,3D grid tomographic static correction constrained by ultra-deep micro-logging and near-surface absorption compensation on loess tableland,and sweet spot prediction based on comprehensive evaluation of multi-attribute dimension reduction and geological probability,etc.In the Panke 3D“joint excitation of well shot and vibrator”seismic survey area of Heshui County and Ning County loess tableland of Eastern Gansu Province,the average penetration rate is up to 87.4%in tight reservoirs,with seismic geo-steering drilling in horizontal wells,which is more than 10%higher than that without seismic geo-steering tool.It has become a typical demonstration area in the Changqing oil field which combines seismic technologies application with oilfield development.In the Yanchi area of Ningxia province,3D seismic exploration with low-frequency vibrator and broad coverage technologies have been applied widely.The success rate of reservoir prediction is 72.1%,which is more than twice as high as the previous 2D seismic survey.It has achieved the breakthrough in seismic exploration technologies in the loess tableland area and strongly supported new discoveries and efficient development in oil and gas fields.

关 键 词：鄂尔多斯盆地 黄土塬 地震勘探 低频可控震源 页岩油开发 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]