泡沫敷料联合下垫式充气暖风毯在低体重婴幼儿体外循环手术中预防压疮的研究  

Pressure Injury Prevention in Underweight Infants Underwent Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery Using Foam Dressings and Warm-Air Inflatable Blankets

作　　者：欧阳淑怡[1] 陈凌[1] 卢嫦青[1] 黃世杰 柯苹芳 张小妮[1] 周妍[1] 程志兴 曹丹[1] OUYANG Shu-yi;CHEN Ling;LU Chang-qing;HUANG Shi-jie;KE Ping-fang;ZHANG Xiao-ni;ZHOU Yan;CHENG Zhi-xing;CAO Dan(Cardiac Operation Room,Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省人民医院心外科手术室,广东省医学科学院,广东省心血管病研究所,广州510080

出　　处：《循证医学》2020年第1期61-64,共4页The Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金资助项目(A2017139)。

摘　　要：目的探讨使用泡沫敷料联合下垫式充气暖风毯在低体重婴幼儿体外循环手术中预防压疮的效果。方法将接受体外循环手术治疗的126例先天性心脏病患儿随机分为两组,单纯使用泡沫敷料组63例和联合使用下垫式充气暖风毯组63例,分别统计术后两组枕后、骶尾部、肩胛、颈后部、臀部、背部及双脚外踝等部位发生压疮前期症状的例数和体外循环时间及总手术时间。结果泡沫敷料联合使用下垫式充气暖风毯组的枕后和骶尾部压疮前期症状的发生率(枕后50.8%和骶尾部14.3%)明显低于泡沫敷料组(枕后74.6%和骶尾部39.7%)(枕后χ^2=7.635,P<0.01和骶尾部χ^2=9.063,P<0.01);此外,泡沫敷料联合使用下垫式充气暖风毯组的平均体外循环时间及手术时间分别为78.95±39.40分钟和142.47±54.78分钟,而泡沫敷料组的相应时间分别为83.54±33.01分钟和148.69±49.09分钟,泡沫敷料联合使用下垫式充气暖风毯组的平均体外循环时间及手术时间均较泡沫敷料组短(体外循环时间Z=-2.845,P<0.01和手术总时间Z=-3.078,P<0.01)。结论使用泡沫敷料联合下垫式充气暖风毯在低体重婴幼儿体外循环手术中预防压疮的效果良好,可进一步降低压疮前期症状的发生率。Objective To assess the pressure injury prevention in underweight infants underwent cardiopulmonary bypass surgery using foam dressings and warm-air inflatable blankets.Methods One hundred and twenty six infants with congenital cardiopathy who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass surgery were randomly divided into two groups. Sixty three patients in the first group just used foam dressings and the second group of 63 patients used foam dressings combined with warm-air inflatable blankets during operation. The following data were used for statistical analysis,including the number of patients with stage 1 pressure injury in occipital bone region,sacrococcygeal region,scapula,back neck,buttocks,back,and lateral ankle region,duration of cardiopulmonary bypass,and total surgical time in each group.Results The incidence rate of stage 1 pressure injury of the second group in occipital bone region and sacrococcygeal region(occipital bone region 50.8% and sacrococcygeal region 14.3%)was lower compared with that of the first group(occipital bone region 74.6% and sacrococcygeal region 39.7%)(occipital bone region χ^2=7.635,P<0.01 and sacrococcygeal region χ^2=9.063,P<0.01). Furthermore,the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass and total surgical time were 78.95±39.40 minutes and 142.47±54.78 minutes in the second group and were 83.54±33.01 minutes and 148.69 ± 49.09 minutes in the first group. Both the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass and total surgical time in the second group were shorter than those in the first group(duration of cardiopulmonary bypass:Z=-2.845,P<0.01 and total surgical time:Z=-3.078,P<0.01).Conclusions Using foam dressings combined with warm-air inflatable blankets during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery play a important role in pressure injury prevention in underweight infants and further decrease the incidence rate of stage 1 pressure injury.

关 键 词：泡沫敷料 下垫式充气暖风毯 低体重婴幼儿 体外循环手术 压疮 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]