作物回交导入系的构建与应用  

Construction and application of backcross introgression lines

作　　者：陈庆山[1] 蒋洪蔚 辛大伟[1] 朱荣胜[1] 刘春燕[1] 李灿东[3] CHEN Qing-shan;JIANG Hong-wei;XIN Da-wei;ZHU Rong-sheng;LIU Chun-yan;LI Can-dong(Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin150030,China;Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130000,China;Jiamusi Branch Academy of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiamusi154007,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]吉林省农业科学院,吉林长春130000 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2020年第1期1-7,共7页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省自然基金杰出青年科学基金(JC2017006);国家自然科学基金(31771882);黑龙江省自然科学基金面上项目(C2018017);吉林省农业科技创新项目(C92070420)。

摘　　要：回交导入系是利用回交及标记辅助选择的手段构建而成的遗传与育种材料。经过多代回交,后代材料在轮回亲本的遗传背景下只包含一个或少量供体亲本染色体片段,因此,可作为QTL分析的重要材料。同时,多代回交有利于打破优异基因与不良基因的连锁,优异基因导入到整体表现优良的轮回亲本材料中,进而实现对育种材料的改良。鉴于其一致的遗传背景,导入系在QTL精细定位和基因克隆、QTL间互作研究、遗传验证及作物聚合育种和分子设计育种中均发挥重要的作用。本文对回交导入系的构建及其在作物遗传育种中的应用进行综述。Backcross introgression lines are genetic and breeding materials constructed by backcrossing and marker-assisted selection.After multiple backcrossing,the progenies only contain one or a few chromosome seg ments of the donor parents in the genetic background of the recurrent parents,so they can be used as important ma terials for QTL analysis.At the same time,multi-generation backcross is beneficial to break the linkage between ex cellent gene and bad gene,and good gene is introduced into the recurrent parent material with good performance,and further improve breeding material.In view of their consistent genetic background,introgression lines play an im portant role in fine mapping and gene cloning,QTL interaction,genetic validation,crop pyramiding breeding and breeding by molecular design.In this paper,the advanced progresses on the construction and application of CSIL population in crop were reviewed.

关 键 词：回交导入系 遗传研究 分子设计育种 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]