2016-2018年上海市奉贤区生产企业作业场所噪声检测结果  

Detection results of noise on workplace in manufacturing enterprises in Fengxian District of Shanghai from 2016-2018

作　　者：潘海瑛 钱耀忠[1] 汤叶花 张唯一[1] 张连红[1] 沈菊华[1] 沈玉峰 万宽 方翠萍[1] PAN Hai-ying;QIAN Yao-zhong;TANG Ye-hua;ZHANG Wei-yi;ZHANG Lian-hong;SHEN Ju-hua;SHEN Yu-feng;WAN Kuan;FANG Cui-ping(Department of Occupational Medicine,Shanghai Fengxian District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai,201499,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市奉贤区疾病预防控制中心职业医学科,上海201499

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第2期145-149,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解上海市奉贤区生产企业噪声检测及作业工人健康状况,为进一步加强作业场所噪声职业危害防控提供依据。方法依据2016-2018年上海市奉贤区检测数据,按企业经济类型、企业规模等分别对噪声检测结果以及作业工人不同阶段职业健康检查结果进行统计分析。结果 3年来上海市奉贤区生产企业的噪声检测,部分企业仍存在噪声严重超标的情况,噪声值最高达108.20 dB(A),3年检测的生产企业作业点合格率分别为85.07%、84.27%和89.24%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=20.902,P<0.05)。2016-2018年所有检测的生产企业作业点总合格率为85.91%,微型企业的检测合格率相对较低(64.36%)。3年内上海市奉贤区生产企业噪声职业健康检查共31 053人次,检出职业禁忌证1 714例,检出率为5.52%;岗前职业健康检查职业禁忌证为1 594例,占总数的93.00%。职业健康检查中确诊职业性噪声聋15例,检出率为0.050%;接害工人年龄段在30~39、40~49岁两组职业性噪声聋发生率占全部的86.67%。结论上海市奉贤区内企业作业场所噪声检测结果偏高,应继续加强防护,重点对微型企业作业场所进行防护。政府及技术职能部门应进一步重点加强微小企业主动检测与噪声作业防控指导,同时加强职业性健康检查,生产企业要进一步增强法律责任主体意识,积极采取综合防控举措。Objective To understand the noise detection and workers’ health condition in manufacturing enterprises in Fengxian District of Shanghai,provide basis for further strengthening the prevention and control of noise hazard in workplaces. Methods According to the detection data in Fengxian District of Shanghai from 2016-2018,the noise detection results and the occupational physical examination data of worker at different periods were analyzed by the economic type and scale of enterprises. Results Over the past three years,some enterprises still had noise exceeding the standard seriously,and the highest noise value was 108.20 dB(A).The qualified rate of workplaces was respectively 85.07%,84.27% and 89.24% in the past three years,and the difference was statistically significant (χ~2=20.902,P<0.05). From 2016-2018,the total qualified rate of all the enterprise workplaces was 85.91%,and the qualified rate in micro-enterprises(64.36%)was lower than others.Totally 31 053 person-time of occupational physical examination on noise were conducted in the past three years. There were 1 714 cases of contraindication with the detection rate of5.52%,and 1 594 cases of contraindication were found in pre-service occupational physical examination,accounting for 93.00% of total cases. 15 cases of occupational noise deafness were diagnosed in occupational health examination,with the detection rate of0.05%. The cases of occupational noise deafness in 30-39 and 40-49 year-old age groups accounted for 86.67% of total cases.Conclusion The results of noise detection in the workplace of enterprises in Fengxian District of Shanghai are on the high side.It is necessary to carry out the noise protection,especially focusing on the micro-enterprises. The government and technical functional departments should further strengthen the guidance of active detection and noise control in key micro-enterprises,and improve occupational physical examination. The enterprises should further enhance the subject consciousness of legal liability and actively ta

关 键 词：职业性噪声聋 噪声检测 合格率 

分 类 号：R134.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]