2014-2018年张家港市儿童青少年伤害流行病学特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of injuries among children and adolescents in Zhangjiagang City from 2014-2018

作　　者：王夏冬 朱晓炜 李凯[1] 秦敏晔 WANG Xia-dong;ZHU Xiao-wei;LI Kai;QIN Min-ye(Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention,Zhangjiagang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhangjiagang Jiangsu,215600,China)

机构地区：[1]张家港市疾病预防控制中心慢性病防制科,江苏张家港215600

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第2期190-193,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析2014-2018年张家港市0~18岁儿童青少年伤害病例分布特征,为制定伤害预防和控制措施提供参考依据。方法收集2014-2018年张家港市3家哨点医院的伤害监测病例,并对数据进行分析。结果共纳入24 196例儿童青少年伤害病例,占同期总伤害病例的15.28%。男女性别比为2.02∶1。伤害发生主要原因依次为跌倒/坠落(42.40%)、动物伤(21.76%)、钝器伤(10.50%)、交通事故(9.92%)及刀/锐器伤(9.89%)。伤害发生主要地点依次是家中(54.63%)、学校和公共场所(14.75%)、公路/街道(12.57%)。伤害性质以挫伤/擦伤(45.41%)、锐器伤/咬伤/开放伤(34.26%)、扭伤/拉伤(10.12%)和骨折(6.28%)为主。容易受伤的部位分别是上肢(36.76%)、下肢(26.45%)和头部(21.20%)。除0~6岁组不同性别的伤害发生地点差异无统计学意义外,不同年龄组、性别间伤害发生的原因、地点、受伤部位及性质等差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论伤害是威胁儿童健康的重要因素之一,张家港市0~18岁儿童青少年伤害发生以男性居多,且流行特征较为多变,需采取更具针对性的防范措施。Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of injury cases among children and adolescents aged 0-18 years old in Zhangjiagang City from 2014-2018,provide scientific basis for developing the injury prevention and control measures.Methods Injury surveillance cases were collected from three sentinel hospitals in Zhangjiagang City from 2014-2018,and the data were analyzed. Results A total of cases of injuries among children and adolescents were included,accounting for 15.28% of the total injuries in the same period. The sex ratio was 2.02 ∶ 1. The top five causes of injury were falling down/fall(42.40%),animal injury(21.76%),blunt injury(10.50%),traffic accident(9.92%) and knife/sharp injury(9.89%). The first three places of injury were home(54.63%),school and public place(14.75%) and road/street(12.57%). The main injuries were contusion/abrasion(45.41%),sharp instrument injury/bite/open injury(34.26%),sprain/pull injury(10.12%) and fracture(6.28%). The main injury parts were upper limb(36.76%),lower limb(26.45%) and head(21.20%). There were significant differences in the injury causes,places,part of body and property between different groups in age and gender(P<0.05),whereas there was no significant difference in the places of injury occurred between gender groups in children aged 0-6 years old(P>0.05). Conclusion Injury is one of the most important factors threatening children’s health. Male children and adolescents aged 0-18 years old in Zhangjiagang City are the majority populations of injury. The changeable epidemic characteristics are called for more attention and preventive measures.

关 键 词：伤害 儿童青少年 流行病与特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]