放射工作人员免疫球蛋白含量、淋巴细胞染色体畸变及微核检测结果分析  

Analysis on results of immunoglobulin content,lymphocyte chromosome aberration and micronucleus detection in radiation workers

作　　者：王莉莉 宁丽[1] 刘继文[1] WANG Li-li;NING Li;LIU Ji-wen(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang,830011,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第2期235-237,共3页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81760581);新疆维吾尔自治区“十三五”重点学科-公共卫生与预防医学(99-11091121204)。

摘　　要：目的探讨长期低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员免疫水平、微核形成及染色体畸变的影响,为保护放射工作人员免受职业照射损伤提供依据。方法 2018年选取新疆某测井公司、机械制造公司等企业的455名低剂量电离辐射作业人员为研究对象,测定个人剂量和免疫球蛋白含量,随机抽取59人进行淋巴细胞染色体畸变率和微核率的检查。结果石油测井和工业探伤作业人员人均年有效剂量为(4.10±1.39)和(2.36±0.74)mSv/a,作业人员大部分分布在3~<5 mSv/a剂量组,占59.3%。IgG在不同剂量组含量比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。染色体畸变率为0.64%,淋巴细胞微核率为0.98‰;不同剂量组和工龄组染色体畸变率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论本次监测的作业人员有效剂量属于低剂量水平,长期低剂量电离辐射暴露对作业人员的健康有一定的影响,应加强对异常指标监护,保障作业人员的职业健康。Objective To investigate the effects of long-term low-dose ionizing radiation on immune level,micronucleus formation and chromosome aberration of radiation workers,provide an effective basis for protecting radiation workers from occupational radiation damage. Methods In 2018,455 workers exposed to low dose ionizing radiation from a logging company and machinery manufacturing company in Xinjiang were selected as subjects,to measure their personal dose and immunoglobulin content. Among the study subjects,59 persons were randomly selected for chromosome aberration rate and lymphocyte micronucleus rate examination.Results The average annual effective doses of oil logging and industrial flaw detection workers were(4.10±1.39) and(2.36±0.74) m Sv/a,respectively. Most of the workers were in the dose group of 3-<5 mSv/a,accounting for 59.3%. There was statistically significant difference in content of Ig G among different dose groups(P<0.05). Chromosome aberration rate was 0. 64 % and lymphocyte micronucleus rate was 0.98‰. There were statistically significant differences in chromosome aberration rate between different dose groups and different working age groups(P<0.05). Conclusion The effective dose of the monitored workers belongs to the low dose level. Long-term low dose ionizing radiation exposure has a certain impact on the health of the workers. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of abnormal indicators to ensure the occupational health of the workers.

关 键 词：低剂量电离辐射 作业人员 健康状况 

分 类 号：R148[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]