中世纪晚期英国商业债务解决机制的法治化  

The Legalization of the British Commercial Debt Resolution Mechanism in Late Medieval Period

作　　者：于振洋 李新宽 YU Zhenyang;LI Xinkuan

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学世界中古史研究所,长春130024 [2]上海师范大学人文学院世界史系,上海200234

出　　处：《经济社会史评论》2020年第1期48-57,M0003,共11页Economic and Social History Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“英国经济社会史文献学专题研究”(17ZDA225)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中世纪晚期,信贷广泛应用于英国的商业活动中,扩大了贸易的种类和规模。由于经济环境、货币供应等因素的影响,利用信贷手段从事贸易的商人可能无法按时履约,从而引起了债务纠纷。为有效解决债务问题,1283年议会通过《阿克顿·伯纳尔法令》,初步构建了一套官方的债务解决机制。这套机制主要涉及债权人、债务人、担保人与执法人员之间的权责关系,推动了债务问题解决的法治化。在实际的执行过程中,这套债务机制逐渐显露出缺陷,为此,议会陆续发布了诸多法令进行补充,逐步完善了商业债务解决机制。Credit was widely used in British commercial activities in late medieval period,which expanded the variety and scale of trade.Due to the influence of economic environment,money supply and other factors,those merchants who engaged in trade by means of credit may not be able to perform on time,which led to debt disputes between creditors and debtors.In order to solve these disputes effectively,in 1283 the parliament passed the Statute of Acton Burnell,which initially established an official debt resolution mechanism.The mechanism mainly involved the relationships between creditors,debtors,guarantors and law-executors,and promoted the legalization in the resolution of debt issues.In the actual implementation process,this debt mechanism gradually showed shortcomings,for this reason,the parliament had issued a series of statutes to supplement and gradually improved the commercial debt resolution machanism.

关 键 词：信贷 债务机制 商人法令 法治化 

分 类 号：D956.1[政治法律—法学] F831.9[经济管理—金融学] F719