齿轮齿面喷丸强化研究现状与展望  

Research Status and Prospect of Shot Peening of Gear Tooth Flanks

作　　者：朱鹏飞 严宏志[1] 陈志[1] 伊伟彬[1] 吴顺兴 ZHU Peng-fei;YAN Hong-zhi;CHEN Zhi;YI Wei-bin;WU Shun-xing(Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Kaifeng University,Kaifeng 475004,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学,长沙410083 [2]开封大学,河南开封475004

出　　处：《表面技术》2020年第4期113-131,140,共20页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51575533)。

摘　　要：疲劳与磨损是齿轮啮合过程中齿面的主要失效形式,严重影响齿轮的综合使用性能。喷丸强化工艺能够有效提高齿面抗疲劳和耐磨损性能,是一种重要的齿轮齿面强化方法。通过国内外文献分析可知:喷丸强化主要存在应力强化和组织强化两种强化机制。喷丸工艺参数对齿轮表面完整性影响的主要规律包括:残余压应力大小与工件硬度、强度成正比,而工件材料硬度越高,冷作硬化效果越弱;齿面粗糙度随覆盖率适当地增加而减小,随喷丸强度的提高而增大;喷丸强度、覆盖率、弹丸直径等喷丸工艺参数决定了残余奥氏体的转化量等。同时,国内外在喷丸强化工艺对齿轮接触疲劳性能、传动性能、磨削烧伤作用机理方面开展了大量研究,主要结论如下:残余压应力、硬度、晶粒细化程度的增加是齿轮接触疲劳性能提升和磨削烧伤修复的主要原因,喷丸引起的齿面粗糙度升高制约了齿轮使用性能的提升,可通过齿面抛光等精加工工艺来改善。此外,介绍了微粒喷丸、二次喷丸、振动喷丸等新型喷丸强化方法,从表面性能、环保、工程应用、疲劳性能等方面,客观评价了新型喷丸强化方法的优点与不足。最后,对齿轮齿面喷丸强化工艺进行总结,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。Fatigue and wear are the main failure modes of gear tooth flanks in the process of gear meshing,which seriously affect the comprehensive service performance of gears.As a key gear tooth flank strengthening method,shot peening can effectively improve the fatigue and wear resistance of gear tooth flanks.According to the literature analysis at home and abroad,shot peening strengthening method mainly contains two kinds of strengthening mechanisms called stress strengthening and microstructure strengthening.The main influence rules of shot peening parameters on gear surface integrity were as follows:magnitude of compressive residual stress was directly proportional to the hardness and strength of the workpiece,while the higher the hardness of the workpiece was, the weaker the hardening effect acted;tooth flank roughness decreased with theproper increase of coverage while it increased with the improvement of shot peening intensity;transformation amount ofretained austenite was determined by shot peening parameters such as shot peening intensity, coverage, shot diameter, etc.Meanwhile, a great number of studies at home and abroad were carried out on the action mechanism of shot peening on contactfatigue performance, transmission performance, grinding burn, and the main conclusions were as follows: increase ofcompressive residual stress, hardness and grain refinement was the main reason for the improvement of contact fatigueperformance and grinding burn remediation of gears;increase of tooth flank roughness induced by shot peening restrained theimprovement of gear service performance, which could be overcome by finishing process such as polishing of tooth flanks. Inaddition, novel shot peening methods like fine particle peening, dual peening, vibratory peening and so forth were introduced.The advantages and disadvantages of the new methods were objectively evaluated from the aspects of surface performance,environmental protection, engineering application, fatigue performance, etc. Finally, shot peening strengthening proc

关 键 词：齿面 喷丸 表面完整性 接触疲劳 传动性能 磨削烧伤 

分 类 号：TG668[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TG132.41[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]