面向数字土壤制图的土壤采样设计研究进展与展望  

Review and Outlook of Designing of Soil Sampling for Digital Soil Mapping

作　　者：黄思华 濮励杰[1,2] 解雪峰 朱明[1,2] 阚博颖[1,2] 谭言飞 HUANG Sihua;PU Lijie;XIE Xuefeng;ZHU Ming;KAN Boying;TAN Yanfei(School of Geography and Ocean Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection,Ministry of Natural Resources,Nanjing 210023,China;College of Geography and Environmental Science,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua,Zhejiang 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京210023 [2]自然资源部海岸带开发与保护重点实验室,南京210023 [3]浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《土壤学报》2020年第2期259-272,共14页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41871083,41230751);江苏省国土资源科技项目(2018018)资助。

摘　　要：全球化土壤环境问题的出现对基础输入数据的精度、尺度和时序提出了更高要求,面向数字土壤制图的土壤采样研究得到了快速发展。首先利用文献计量学的方法定量化分析国内外土壤采样研究学科分布和研究热点变化;随后重点梳理了国内外土壤采样研究的文献,根据不同的土壤调查目的、调查区历史采样点将土壤采样设计分为:土壤全面采样设计、土壤补充采样设计、土壤验证采样设计和土壤监测采样设计;最后介绍了基于样点的推理制图方法。在此基础上,对未来在多尺度的土壤采样设计、土壤–环境因子关系的新型假设和采样设计中现实问题的量化等方面进行了展望,旨在为数字土壤调查工作的开展提供参考依据。The appearance of soil environmental problems,such as pollution and degradation,has stimulated researches on hydro-ecological simulation,soil resource management,soil carbon and nitrogen monitoring,etc.,thus putting forward higher requirements on basic input data,like types and attributes of soils,in accuracy,scale and timing sequence and causing rapid development of the research on soil sampling oriented towards digital soil mapping.In this study,the bibliometric method was applied to quantitatively analyze variation of the researches at home and abroad in distribution of disciplines hotpot during the recent four decades since 1980.Based on collation and review of the literature,summarization was performed of methods widely used nowadays in soil sampling and speculative mapping,and discussions conducted about future trends of the research on sampling designing for digital soil mapping,in an attempt to provide a reference for development of digital soil survey.Results show:(1)Over the last four decades,hotspots of the research on soil sampling have been focused on theories,methods,techniques,means and strategies of soil sampling,soil management and utilization,digital soil mapping,etc.,involving disciplines that have developed from a single field of soil science into a transdisciplinary research covering agronomy,engineering,soil science,environmental science and geography,etc.,with theories,techniques and means turning from mere application of probability theory into combination of geostationary models,deep learning and knowledge mining,and focuses laid on application in ecological monitoring and protection,precision agriculture and polluted remediation.(2)Soil sampling designing is a process of selecting an appropriate sampling method to meet the specific goal of a soil survey based on certain prior knowledge.According to the purposes of a soil survey and soil sampling history of the surveyed area,soil sampling designs can be divided into four categories,i.e.comprehensive sampling,supplemental sampling,verifica

关 键 词：数字土壤制图 土壤调查 采样策略 土壤-环境关系 

分 类 号：S159.3[农业科学—土壤学]