黄土高原植被恢复过程中土壤表面电化学性质演变特征  

Evolution of Soil Surface Electrochemical Characteristics with Vegetation Restoration on Loess Plateau in Ziwuling Area

作　　者：马任甜 胡斐南 刘婧芳[1,2] 许晨阳 杨志花[3] 王子龙 赵世伟[1,2,3] MA Rentian;HU Feinan;LIU Jingfang;XU Chenyang;YANG Zhihua;WANG Zilong;ZHAO Shiwei(College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,CAS&Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室(西北农林科技大学),陕西杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《土壤学报》2020年第2期392-402,共11页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41601236,41701261);中国科学院西部之光项目(XAB2016B07)资助。

摘　　要：土壤胶体表面所带电荷是土壤具有一系列物理、化学性质的根本原因。表面电荷数量、比表面积、表面电荷密度、表面电场强度以及表面电位是土壤胶体颗粒重要性质,影响土壤中物理、化学、生物化学过程。运用带电颗粒表面性质联合分析法,测定黄土高原子午岭地区不同植被类型下土壤表面电荷性质,研究自然植被恢复过程对土壤表面电荷性质的影响。结果表明:随着植被的演替,子午岭林区土壤表面电荷数量、比表面积、表面电荷密度均随植被的恢复增加,变化范围分别为10.88~19.85 cmol·kg–1、40.67~61.71 m2·g–1和0.22~0.31 c·m–2,平均值分别为16.18 cmol·kg–1、54.88 m2·g–1和0.28 c·m–2,土壤表面电场强度达108 V·m–1数量级;土壤黏粒、有机碳含量是影响表面电荷性质的主要因素,解释率分别为62.5%和27.9%;土壤基本性质对表面电荷性质的影响由强到弱依次为:黏粒、有机碳、砂粒、全氮、C/N、粉粒、碳酸钙、pH。研究结果对于进一步认识黄土高原土壤颗粒表面性质,加深理解土壤中发生的一系列物理化学过程具有重要意义。【Objective】It is well known that some fine particles of the soil carry charges,which are basically concentrated on soil colloids.The charges on the soil surface account for a series of physical,chemical and physiochemical properties of the soil.Surface potential,surface charge density,surface electric field intensity,specific surface area and surface charge number are important property parameters of soil colloidal particles.The researches on charge properties and interactions of charged surface with ions,electrons and protons are the foci of the study on soil electro-chemistry.Differences in surface charge properties directly affect surface chemical and physicochemical mechanisms of the soil.Therefore,it is of important significance to have accurate understanding of soil surface electrochemical properties to rational utilization of soil resources.However,it is still unclear how soil surface charge properties evolve with vegetation restoration in the Ziwuling area.【Method】For this study the method of combined analysis of surface properties was applied to measure surface potential and surface charge density of the soils varying in vegetation in the Ziwuling area.This method can be used to get surface potential and surface charge density without the need for the data of specific surface area,thus making easier to measure surface charge properties.Correlation analysis and redundancy analysis were adopted to explore effects of basic physical and chemical properties of the soil on its surface charge properties.【Results】Results show that with the vegetation evolving in the Ziwuling area,physical and chemical properties of the soil gradually improved;soil bulk density and calcium carbonate content decreased,varying in the range of 1.04~1.27 g·cm–3and 80.09~149.95 g·kg–1 and being 1.16 g·cm–3 and 113.52 g·kg–1 on average,respectively;contents of organic carbon,total nitrogen and clay increased,varying in the range of 7.12~17.84 g·kg–1,0.94~1.16 g·kg–1and 18.26~22.10%,and being 12.19 g·kg–

关 键 词：表面电荷性质 土壤胶体 植被恢复 黄土高原 

分 类 号：S153.2[农业科学—土壤学]