煤与瓦斯突出煤层群安全高效开采技术体系与展望  

Technical system and prospect of safe and efficient mining of coal and gas outburst coal seams

作　　者：李琰庆[1,2] 杨科 秦汝祥[3] 余岩[1,2] LI Yanqing;YANG Ke;QIN Ruxiang;YU Yan(Hucinan Mining Group Corporatin Limited,Huainan 232001,China;National Engineering&Technology Academy for Coal Mining,Huainan 232001,China;School of Resoures and Safety Engineering,Anhui University of Science&Technology,Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司,安徽淮南232001 [2]煤炭开采国家工程技术研究院,安徽淮南232001 [3]安徽理工大学能源与安全学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2020年第3期167-173,共7页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项资助项目(2016ZX05068)。

摘　　要：为了解决淮南矿区煤与瓦斯突出煤层群条件下复杂煤层赋存、多源瓦斯涌出、重复开采扰动、多头面生产准备等制约安全高效开采难题,通过分析煤与瓦斯共采技术原理,结合不同的煤与瓦斯赋存特点,对常规的开采上、下保护层瓦斯治理模式进行优化,提出重复开采下保护层远程泄压、开采近距离上保护层抽采瓦斯和顺序向上(下)开采依次保护3种煤与瓦斯共采改进模式,形成"采前、采中、采后"、"本煤层、邻近层、采空区"、"井下、井上"立体抽采瓦斯技术,以及无煤柱开采、突出危险保护层消突、岩巷快速施工、钻孔防喷及增透抽采、地面钻井施工、薄煤层开采装备等配套关键技术。统筹掘进、打钻、抽采、开采等安全生产工作,总结出准备区、治理区、开采区"三区"生产组织方式,从时间、空间上部署多煤层多头面多工序合理有序施工。应用结果表明:突出煤层群可以在低瓦斯状态下安全高效开采,能够建成特大型煤与瓦斯突出井工矿井。最后,针对深部开采面临的灾害治理工程量大、周期长、用工多、成本高等问题,给出了地面钻井治理瓦斯与水害技术思路、高瓦斯自燃煤层无煤柱无巷采煤攻关方向和智能矿山建设设想,并指出探索地面钻井治理灾害新技术、推广无煤柱无巷采煤新工法、研发智能化无人开采新装备是未来的创新方向。In order to solve the problems of restricting safe and efficient mining such as the occurrence of complex coal seams,multi-source gas emission,repeated mining disturbance,multi-face production preparation under the condition of coal and gas outburst coal seams in Huainan mining area,by analyzing the principle of coal and gas co-mining technology,combining different characteristics of coal and gas occurrence,optimizing the conventional gas control mode of the upper and lower protective seams,three improved modes of co-mining of coal and gas are put forward,namely the proposed remote protection of the protective layer under repeated mining,gas extraction from the protective layer at a close distance and the sequential upward(downward)mining,forming"pre-mining,mid-mining,post-mining","this coal seam,adjacent coal seam,gob","underground,surface"three-dimensional gas extraction technology,as well as coal pillar-free mining,and prominent key technologies such as outburst prevention of dangerous protective layers,rapid construction of rock roadways,borehole blowout prevention and enhanced permeability extraction,surface drilling construction,thin coal seam mining equipment and so on are also discussed.Make overall planning for safe production work such as tunneling,drilling,extraction,mining and other safety production work,summarize the production organization methods of the"three zones"in the preparation area,treatment area,and mining area,and deploy rational and orderly construction of multiple seams,multiple faces and multiple processes from time and space.The application results show that the coal and gas outburst coal seams can be safely and efficiently mined under the condition of low gas,and the super large coal and gas outburst mine can be built.Finally,in order to deal with the problems of large-scale disaster management projects,long cycles,large quantity of labor and high cost faced by deep mining,the technical ideas of ground drilling for gas and water damage management,the coal mine pillarless and coalless

关 键 词：煤与瓦斯突出煤层群 煤与瓦斯共采 地面治灾 无巷采煤 智能开采 

分 类 号：TD712[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]