2010-2018年濮阳市细菌性脑炎脑膜炎症候群流行病学监测及病原谱分析  

Epidemic surveillance and pathogeny spectrum analysis of bacterial encephalitis and meningitis syndrome in Puyang during 2010-2018

作　　者：王爱梅[1] 徐国锋[1] 孟晓飞[1] 张清杰[1] 梁桂华[1] 宋传清[1] WANG Aimei;XU Guofeng;MENG Xiaofei;ZHANG Qingjie;LIANG Guihua;SONG Chuanqing(Puyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Puyang,Henan 457000,China)

机构地区：[1]濮阳市疾病预防控制中心,河南濮阳457000

出　　处：《河南预防医学杂志》2020年第5期337-340,共4页Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2013ZX10004203002002)。

摘　　要：目的分析濮阳市细菌性脑炎脑膜炎症候群监测结果,了解疾病流行特征及病原谱构成。方法对3所哨点医院报告的细菌性脑炎脑膜炎症候群病例开展流行病学调查,采集脑脊液、血液和临床分离菌株,对脑脊液和血标本进行细菌培养,对病原菌进行鉴定。结果470例监测病例中,127例检出病原菌,病例病原确诊率为27.02%;人群分布以3岁以下散居儿童为主,男女性别比为1.81:1,春季和秋季为发病高峰,抗生素的应用对病原菌检出率有明显影响(χ2=7.6,P<0.01);分离鉴定病原27种,主要病原构成比分别为:肺炎链球菌32.28%、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌11.81%、无乳链球菌7.09%、脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌4.72%、流感嗜血杆菌4.72%。结论2010-2018年濮阳市细菌性脑炎脑膜炎症候群病原构成以肺炎链球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、无乳链球菌、脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌为主。自2015年首次分离出单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌以来,单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、无乳链球菌和脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌伴随肺炎链球菌成为近年来引起该市细菌性脑炎脑膜炎的优势流行菌株。Objective To understand epidemiological characteristics and pathogeny spectrum structure of bacterial encephalitis and meningitis syndrome in Puyangby surveillance analysis. Methods Epidemiological survey was conducted among bacterial encephalitis and meningitis cases in sentinel hospitals from 2010 to 2018.Serum and cerebrospinal fluid specimens were collected for traditional isolation and cultured identification. Meanwhile, the strains of clinical detecion were collected for identification.Results Among the 470 monitored cases, 127 cases were found to have pathogenic bacteria.And the rate of pathogen diagnosis was 27.02 %. Most bacterial encephalitis and meningitis syndrome cases were scattered children under 3 years old. The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.81:1. The incidence peak were in spring and autumn. The use of antibiotics had a significant effect on the detection rate of pathogens (χ2=7.60,P <0.01).The main components of pathogeny were Streptococcus pneumoniae 32.28 %, Listeria monocytogenes 11.81 %, Streptococcus agalactaias 7.09 %, Neisseria meningitidis 4.72 % and Haemophilus influenzae 4.72 %. Conclusion From 2010 to 2018, the main pathogens caused bacterial encephalitis and meningitis were Streptococcus pneumoniac, Listeria monocytogenes,Streptococcus agalactiae,Neisseria meningitidis and Haemophilus influenzae in Puyang. Since Listeria monocytogenes was first isolated in 2015, Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae and Neisseria meningitidisi with Streptococcus pneumoniae have become the dominant epidemic strains causing bacterial encephalitis and meningitis in Puyang in recent years.

关 键 词：细菌性脑炎脑膜炎症候群 流行特征 病原谱 

分 类 号：R515[医药卫生—内科学]