土壤调理剂对Cd污染农田土壤生物因子、有效态Cd及糙米Cd的影响  

Soil biological factors,available Cd and brown rice Cd under different soil conditioners in Cd-contaminated farmland

作　　者：武琳[1] 林小兵 刘晖 王惠明 陈燕[1] 黄欠如[1] 周利军[1] WU Lin;LIN Xiao-bing;LIU Hui;WANG Hui-ming;CHEN Yan;HUANG Qian-ru;ZHOU Li-jun(National Red Soil Improvement Engineering Technology Research Center,Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil,Jinxian 331717,China;Agricultural Ecology and Resource Protection Station of Jiangxi,Nanchang 330046,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省红壤研究所,国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心,江西进贤331717 [2]江西省农业生态与资源保护总站,江西南昌330046

出　　处：《环境生态学》2020年第4期78-84,100,共8页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划项目(20171ACG70022);江西省重大科技研发专项项目(20194ABC28010)联合资助。

摘　　要：选用森美思、CCT01、矿物质和特贝钙4种土壤调理剂,在萍乡市镉(Cd)污染农田开展田间试验,探讨4种调理剂对土壤pH、有机质、微生物数量、酶活性及土壤有效态Cd和糙米Cd的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,施用土壤调理剂提高了土壤pH值(0.82~1.37),降低了土壤有效态Cd(5.21%~34.78%)和糙米Cd(51.39%~68.06%)含量,但对有机质影响不明显。土壤调理剂改变了微生物环境,表现为:森美思减少了细菌、真菌数量和蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶活性,增加了放线菌数量、脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性;CCT01减少了细菌、真菌、放线菌数量和蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶活性,增加了脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性;矿物质减少了细菌、放线菌数量和蔗糖酶活性,增加了真菌数量和脲酶、过氧化氢酶、酸性磷酸酶活性;特贝钙减少了细菌、真菌数量和脲酶和蔗糖酶活性,增加了放线菌数量和过氧化氢酶、酸性磷酸酶活性。相关性表明,土壤有效态Cd与有机质、细菌和糙米Cd呈显著正相关,而与pH和放线菌呈显著负相关,糙米Cd与细菌呈显著正相关,而与pH呈显著负相关。综上,从土壤、糙米Cd修复效果及对微生物数量和酶活性的影响考虑,特贝钙调理剂效果最好,其次是矿物质和森美思调理剂。This paper selected four soil conditioners SAMMNS,CCT01,Mineral,Tebeigai.The effect of four conditioners on soil pH,organic matter,microbial quantity,enzyme activity,available Cd in soil and brown rice Cd were investigated by field-controlled tests conducted in cadmium-contaminated paddy fields in Pingxiang.Results showed that,compared with the control,application of soil conditioner increased the pH value(0.82~1.37),decreased the content of soil available Cd(5.21%~34.78%)and brown rice Cd(51.39%~68.06%),but had no significant effect on organic matter.Changed the soil microbial environment,SAMMNS reduces bacteria,fungi,invertase and acid phosphatase,but increases actinomycetes,urease and catalase.CCT01 reduces bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes,invertase and acid phosphatase,but increases urease and catalase.Mineral reduce bacteria,actinomycetes and invertases,but increasing fungi,urease,catalase and acid phosphatase.Tebeigai reduces bacteria,fungi,urease and sucrase,but increases actinomycetes,catalase and acid phosphatase.Correlation analysis showed that soil available Cd had synergistic effect with organic matter,bacteria and brown rice Cd,but had antagonistic effect with pH and actinomycetes.Brown rice Cd had synergistic effect with bacteria,but had antagonistic effect with pH.In summary,considering the effect of soil and brown rice on Cd remediation,microbial quantity and enzyme activity,Tebeigai conditioner has the best effect,followed by Mineral and SAMMNS conditioner.

关 键 词：土壤调理剂 土壤有效态Cd 糙米Cd 微生物数量 酶活性 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]