1949年后基层兽医体系发展变迁与优化路径  

Development and optimization of China′s grassroots veterinary system reform from 1949 to 2019

作　　者：胡钰 王莉 HU Yu;WANG Li(Research Center for Rural Economy,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China,Beijing 100810,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部农村经济研究中心,北京100810

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第2期102-108,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：农业农村部委托课题国内外畜牧业产业发展现状调查(482019)。

摘　　要：纵观70年来的发展,我国基层畜牧兽医体系建设实现了从中华人民共和国成立初期的民间兽医、公社兽医到如今多级防疫体系、多元兽医队伍的重大转变,为畜牧业的发展壮大以及公共卫生安全起到了保驾护航的作用。基于不同时期基层畜牧兽医体系的建设特征和相关政策方向的变化,其发展历程分成四个阶段:初始期、起步期、提档增速期、多元发展期。通过对不同阶段相关政策调整变化的回顾,结合现阶段非洲猪瘟疫情的严峻形势,提出了当前我国基层畜牧兽医体系面临的挑战,并从人才、经费、市场三方面提供了政策手段建议。China's grassroots veterinary system has safeguarded the development of animal husbandry and public health safety.Throughout the development in the past 70 years,the construction of grassroots animal husbandry and veterinary system in China has been improved,and the major transformation from the folk veterinarians and commune veterinarians in the early days of the founding of the country to the multi-level epidemic prevention system and the multi-variety veterinary team has been realized.Based on the changes in the construction characteristics and related policy directions of grassroots animal husbandry and veterinary systems in different periods,the development process is divided into four stages:initial stage,start-up stage,file growth period,and multiple development period.In retrospect,combined with the grim situation of the current African swine fever epidemic situation,the paper puts forward the challenges faced by the current grassroots animal husbandry and veterinary system in China,and provides policy suggestions from three aspects:talent,funding and market.

关 键 词：基层畜牧兽医体系 发展变迁 政策路径优化 中华人民共和国成立70年 

分 类 号：S-01[农业科学]