撞击位置与风扇转速对鸟撞过程的影响  

Effect of Impact Position and Fan Rotational Speed on Bird-Impact Process

作　　者：张俊红[1,2] 刘志远 戴胡伟 Reza Hedayati 袁一 张桂昌 Zhang Junhong;Liu Zhiyuan;Dai Huwei;Reza Hedayati;Yuan Yi;Zhang Guichang(State Key Laboratory of Engine,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;Renai College,Tianjin University,Tianjin 301636,China;Faculty of Aerospace Engineering,Delft University of Technology,Delft 2600AA,Netherlands;Aeronautical Engineering Institute,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学内燃机燃烧学国家重点实验室,天津300350 [2]天津大学仁爱学院,天津301636 [3]代尔夫特理工大学航空航天工程学院,代尔夫特2600 AA [4]中国民航大学航空工程学院,天津300300

出　　处：《天津大学学报（自然科学与工程技术版）》2020年第5期492-501,共10页Journal of Tianjin University：Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金民航联合研究基金资助项目(U1833108).

摘　　要：鸟撞航空发动机风扇叶片严重威胁航空发动机的运行安全.对绿头鸭进行CT扫描,通过光滑粒子流体动力学(SPH)法建立绿头鸭真实鸟模型.将真实鸟模型及传统鸟体简化模型撞击平板仿真结果与Wilbeck真实鸟撞击平板试验结果对比,验证了真实鸟模型的准确性.对比分析了鸟撞静止风扇叶片与鸟撞旋转风扇叶片条件下鸟体及风扇叶片的瞬态冲击响应;选取836 r/min、1984 r/min、3344 r/min及3772 r/min 4个典型风扇转速研究了风扇转速对鸟撞过程的影响;分别选取1/6、2/6、3/6、4/6、5/6叶高位置为撞击位置,研究了撞击位置对鸟撞过程的影响.结果表明:叶片旋转对撞击过程中鸟体被切割块数、单个鸟块质量及受冲击叶片数量有直接影响,不考虑叶片旋转条件下的接触力、叶根应力、前缘应力等值明显低于考虑叶片旋转条件,使得对叶片应力及损伤预估偏保守,不利于叶片强度设计,因此在研究鸟撞过程中对叶片旋转运动应予以考虑.836 r/min转速下鸟体与叶片相互作用方式与其他转速有明显区别,836 r/min转速下鸟体动能减小,其他转速下鸟体动能增加,且鸟体动能增量随转速增大而增大;836 r/min转速下前缘应力峰值要大于1984 r/min转速,其他转速下,前缘应力峰值随转速增加而增大;接触力、叶根应力随转速的增大而增大.随撞击高度的增加,在撞击点相对速度及叶片扭转角共同作用下,接触力、鸟体动能增量、叶根应力峰值、鸟体动能、叶片前缘应力均呈先增大后减小趋势,撞击3/6叶高位置时前缘峰值应力及鸟体动能增量最大,撞击4/6叶高位置时叶根峰值应力及接触力最大.Bird impact on fan blades poses a serious threat to the operational safety of aircraft engines.In this study,a real bird model of mallard duck was developed using the smooth particle hydrodynamics method based on a CT scan of a mallard duck.The accuracy of the real bird model was verified by comparing the simulation results of the impact on a plate of real bird model and simplified traditional bird model with the results of Wilbeck’s tests.The transient impact responses of bird body and fan blade as the bird was striking a static and a rotating fan blade were comparatively analyzed.To study the effect of fan rotational speed on the bird-impact process,836 r/min,1984 r/min,3344 r/min,and 3772 r/min were selected as fan rotational speed.To study the effects of impact location on the bird-impact process,1/6,2/6,3/6,4/6 and 5/6 of the blade height were selected as impact locations.The results show that blade rotation has a direct impact on the number of bird block cuts,the mass of a single bird block,and the number of impacted blades.Without considering the blade rotation conditions,the contact force,blade root stress,and blade leading edge stress are significantly lower than that when the blade rotation conditions are considered,which makes the prediction of blade stress and damage conservative and inadequate for use in the design of blade strength.Therefore,the blade rotation motion should be considered in the study of bird impact.The interaction mode between the bird and blade at 836 r/min speed obviously differs from that at other rotational speeds.The kinetic energy of the bird decreases at a rotational speed of 836 r/min,and increases at other rotational speeds,and the increment of the kinetic energy of the bird increases with increases in rotational speed.The leading-edge peak stress at 836 r/min is greater than that at 1984 r/min;at other rotational speeds,the peak stress of the leading edge increases with increases in the rotational speed.The contact force and blade root stress increase with increases in t

关 键 词：绿头鸭 鸟撞 撞击位置 风扇转速 撞击响应 

分 类 号：V232.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]