中国优秀U17男子足球运动员下肢肌肉力量比率与变向能力的关系  

Relationships between Lower Extremity Muscle Strength Ratio and the Ability of Changing Directions of Chinese Elite U17 Male Soccer Players

作　　者：姚天奇 王启荣[2] 谢思源 王烁 王安治 矫玮 Yao Tianqi;Wang Qirong;Xie Siyuan;Wang Shuo;Wang Anzhi;Jiao Wei(Beijing Sports University,Beijing100084,China;National Institute of Sports Medicine,Beijing100029,China;Sangao FC of High School Affiliated to Renmin University of China,Beijing 100080,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学运动医学与康复学院,北京100084 [2]国家体育总局运动医学研究所,北京100029 [3]中国人民大学附中三高足球俱乐部,北京100080

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2020年第2期111-116,共6页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：中国足球协会青少年足球发展基金项目(2016-08);国家体育总局备战奥运会科研攻关项目(2013A126)。

摘　　要：目的:探究中国优秀U17男子足球运动员的下肢腘绳肌/股四头肌肌力比率(hamstring/quadriceps ratio,H/Q比率)和变向能力的相关关系,为提升U17男子足球运动员的变向能力及预防下肢损伤提供依据。方法:对47名中国优秀U17男子足球运动员进行股四头肌和腘绳肌的向心收缩、离心收缩等速测试,并分别计算双下肢不同角速度下的传统H/Q比率(腘绳肌向心收缩峰值力矩/股四头肌向心收缩峰值力矩)和功能H/Q比率(腘绳肌离心收缩峰值力矩/股四头肌向心收缩峰值力矩)。同时,采用T型测试评价变向能力。采用皮尔逊相关探讨各比率和变向能力之间的相关性,并对存在相关的H/Q比率与变向能力进行多元回归分析。结果:非优势侧高速传统H/Q比率(r=0.44,P=0.002)、优势侧低速功能H/Q比率(r=-0.358,P=0.013)与T型测试成绩均存在显著性相关;两个变量可以共同解释T型测试成绩总方差的28.2%(R^2=0.282,F=8.640,P<0.01)。结论:对于中国优秀U17男子足球运动员而言,优势侧低速功能H/Q比率越大、非优势侧高速传统H/Q比率越小,变向速度越快;优势侧低速功能H/Q比率和非优势侧高速传统H/Q比率均对U17男子足球运动员的变向能力有预测作用,且非优势侧高速传统H/Q比率对变向能力影响更大。Objective To explore the relationship between lower extremity muscle strength hamstring/quadriceps(H/Q)ratios and the ability of changing directions of U17 youth elite soccer players,in or der to improve the performance of changing directions and prevent injuries of the lower extremity.Methods Forty-seven Chinese U17 youth elite soccer players were selected and given the concentric and eccentric isokinetic tests of quadriceps and hamstrings,and the conventional H/Q ratio(hamstring concentric peak torque/quadriceps concentric peak torque)and functional H/Q ratio(hamstring eccentric peak torque/quadriceps concentric peak torque)were calculated respectively.Meanwhile,the T agility test was used to evaluate the ability of changing directions.The correlation between the average H/Q ratio and T agility test score were analyzed using the Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression method.Results Both non-dominant high-speed conventional H/Q ratio and dominant lowspeed functional H/Q ratio with T agility test had significant correlations with the average T agility test score(r=0.44,P=0.002;r=-0.358,P=0.013),with the former two variables accounting for 28.2%of the total variance of the latter(R^2=0.282,F=8.640,P<0.01).Conclusions U17 youth elite soccer players with higher dominant low-speed functional H/Q ratio and less non-dominant high-speed conventional H/Q ratio have higher speed of changing directions.Non-dominant high-speed conventional H/Q ratio and dominant low-speed functional H/Q ratio can predict the T agility test results,with the non-domi nant high-speed conventional H/Q ratio of a greater impact on the ability to change directions.

关 键 词：U17 足球运动员 下肢 力量比率 变向能力 

分 类 号：G843[文化科学—体育训练]