基于决策视距的隧道洞门立面标记方案比选  

Comparison and Selection of Elevation Marking Schemes for Tunnel Portal Facade Based on Decision Line of Sight

作　　者：蒋锦港 杜志刚[1] 徐耀赐[2] 马兆有[3,4] JIANG Jingang;DU Zhigang;XU Yaoci;MA Zhaoyou(School of Transportation,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;Department of Transportation Technology and Management,Feng Chia University,Taizhong 40724,China;Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Key Laboratory of Road Traffic Safety of the Ministry of Public Security,Traffic Management Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security,Wuxi 214151,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学交通学院,武汉430063 [2]逢甲大学运输科技与管理系,中国台湾40724 [3]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804 [4]公安部交通管理科学研究所道路交通安全公安部重点实验室,无锡214151

出　　处：《武汉理工大学学报（交通科学与工程版）》2020年第1期130-135,共6页Journal of Wuhan University of Technology（Transportation Science & Engineering）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51578433);武汉理工大学自主创新研究基金项目(185202004)资助。

摘　　要：隧道入口交通事故多发,洞门立面标记警示不足,驾驶员不能及时辨识洞门信息,并采用合理驾驶行为是重要原因.为了提高夜间公路隧道洞门立面标记的警示作用,提升隧道入口路段的安全性.分析传统的隧道入口采用停车视距作为计算标准的不合理性,而后计算决策视距作为评判标准,根据人的视觉系统理论对隧道洞门立面标记进行设计;利用3ds Maxs软件构建夜间隧道洞门模型,并基于E-prime2.0软件进行心理物理实验;通过采集驾驶员的视认距离和判断准确率作为实验度量指标;通过SPSS软件对实验数据进行统计分析.实验结果表明,环形块+箭头方案夜间隧道洞门平均视认距离相较于矩形块方案提升了78.1%,平均判别准确率提升了26.7%,且是三种方案中平均视认距离最远,能够达到更安全的决策视距要求,具有最强的诱导性.基于仿真实验结果对夜间视认距离分析发现,视认距离与年龄相关,老年驾驶员的视认距离随着年龄增加而减少.Due to insufficient warning signs on the facade of the tunnel entrance portal,drivers cannot identify the portal information in time,resulting in frequent traffic accidents.In order to improve the warning function of the elevation mark of the tunnel portal at night and the safety of the tunnel entrance section.This paper analyzed the irrationality of using parking sight distance as the calculation standard for the traditional tunnel entrance,then calculated the decision sight distance as the evaluation standard,and designed the elevation mark of the tunnel entrance according to the human vision system theory.Using 3ds Maxs software to build the tunnel portal model at night,and based on E-prime2.0 software to carry out psychophysical experiments.By collecting driver’s visual recognition distance and judgment accuracy as experimental measurement indexes,SPSS software was used to make statistical analysis on experimental data.The experimental results show that the average visibility distance of the tunnel portal at night in the annular block+arrowhead scheme is 78.1% higher than that in the rectangular block scheme,and the average discrimination accuracy is 26.7%,and the average visibility distance is the longest among the three schemes,which can meet the requirements of safer decision sight distance and has the strongest inductivity.According to the analysis of night visual recognition distance based on simulation results,it is found that visual recognition distance is related to age,and the visual recognition distance of elderly drivers decreases with age.

关 键 词：公路隧道 立面标记 视觉系统 决策视距 交通安全 

分 类 号：U412.35[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]