疏水性木粉-SiO2气凝胶复合材料的制备及其性能研究  

Preparation and Properties of Hydrophobic Wood Flour-silica Aerogel Composites

作　　者：宋伟杉 刘士瑞 赵雪[1] 陈瑶[1] 高建民[1] SONG Weishan;LIU Shirui;ZHAO Xue;CHEN Yao;GAO Jianmin(MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Application,Key Laboratory of Beijing for Wood Science and Engineering,Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学木质材料科学与应用教育部重点实验室,木材科学与工程北京市重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2020年第2期93-98,共6页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金面上项目(6192020)。

摘　　要：以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)为共前驱体,利用溶胶-凝胶法和常压干燥工艺制备疏水性木粉-SiO2气凝胶复合材料。探讨了不同粒径(0.42~0.84 mm、0.25~0.42 mm、0.18~0.25 mm)巴尔杉木木粉对木粉-SiO2气凝胶复合材料性能的影响,结果表明:木粉-SiO2气凝胶复合材料的密度、导热系数、抗压强度、接触角均随木粉粒径尺寸的减小而增大。木粉粒径为0.25~0.42 mm可获得性能较好的材料,复合材料密度为0.168 g/cm3,导热系数为0.0337 W/(m·K),抗压强度为0.15 MPa,接触角为155.72°。制备的木粉-SiO2气凝胶复合材料具有保温性能优异、轻质高疏水的特性。Hydrophobic wood flour-silica aerogel composites were prepared by sol-gel method and ambient pressure drying with tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS)and methyltrimethoxysilane(MTMS)as co-precursors.The effects of different particle sizes(0.42-0.84 mm,0.25-0.42 mm,0.18-0.25 mm)of balsa woodflour on the properties of wood flour-silica aerogel composites were studied.Through the analysis of thermal conductivity,contact angle,infrared spectrum,thermogravimetric and compressive strength of composite materials,it was observed that the density,thermal conductivity,compressive strength and contact angle of the composites decreased with the increase of particle size of the wood flour.Wood flour with the particle size of 0.25-0.42 mm could endow aerogel composite with better material properties.Namely,the composite density was 0.168 g/cm3,the thermal conductivity was 0.0337 W/(m·K),the compressive strength was 0.15 MPa,and the contact angle was 155.72°.The prepared composite material has the characteristics of excellent heat preservation performance,light weight and high hydrophobicity.

关 键 词：木粉 SIO2气凝胶 保温材料 常压干燥 轻质疏水 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程] TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]