农业废弃物堆肥碳素动态转化规律及其在柑橘园的施用效果  

Dynamic transformation of carbon in agricultural waste-compost and its fertilizer efficiency in citrus planting

作　　者：廖磊 熊峰 周月明 雷阳明 LIAO Lei;XIONG Feng;ZHOU Yue-ming;LEI Yang-ming(Jiulongpo Ecological Environment Monitoring Station of Chongqing,Chongqing 400050,China;National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067,China;Chongqing South-to-Thais Environmental Protection Technology Research lnstitute Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400069,China;Institute of Environment and Resources,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市九龙坡区生态环境监测站,重庆400050 [2]重庆工商大学智能制造服务国际科技合作基地,重庆400067 [3]重庆南向泰斯环保技术研究院有限公司,重庆400069 [4]重庆工商大学环境与资源学院,重庆400067

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2020年第2期30-36,共7页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家青年自然科学基金项目(51608505);滴流床生成双氧水及电-Fenton降解水中残留农药研究项目。

摘　　要：采用Van Soest分析法对堆肥过程中有机碳组成和数量进行动态分析,结合堆肥化进程及堆肥产品品质指标,分析堆肥化过程中不同的碳素形态对肥料品质的影响机制。结果表明,堆肥高温期持续时间36 d,最终pH 8.11,最终含水率25.17%,所得肥料OM最终含量为52.34%,总养分5.41%,有效活菌数为9.6×10^8 CFU/g,大肠杆菌值为35 CFU/g,蛔虫卵死亡率为98%,发芽指数为93.09%,符合NY 884-2012对生物有机肥的要求。碳素组分中不溶性LIG、HEM和CEL与总养分、OM、C/N呈现显著相关性(相关性系数≥0.875),不溶性大分子物质降解为容易被微生物利用的小分子物质是堆肥品质提升的关键,而TOC的损失会显著降低堆肥产品的品质。该有机肥在柑橘种植园的施用可以提高柑橘品质和产量,施用量为2.0 kg/m^2时,柑橘品质最优且增产量最大。The dynamic composition and quantity of organic carbon in composting were analyzed by Van Soest analysis method,its influence mechanism on product quality during composting was also analyzed combined with procedure parameter.The results showed that,the duration of the high temperature period was 36 days,pH was 8.11,moisture content was 25.17%,OM was 52.34%,TN was 5.41%,effective number of viable bacteria was 9.6×10^8 CFU/g,value of escherichia coli was 35 CFU/g,mortality of ascarid egg was 98%,germination index was 93.09%,which satisfied the requirements of NY 8884-2012 for biological organic fertilizer.The insoluble components of LIG,HEM and CEL in carbon composition were significantly correlated with total nutrients,OM,C/N(correlation coefficient was all greater than 0.875).The degradation of insoluble macromolecular substances into small molecular substances which easily used by microorganisms is the key factors to improve the quality of fertilizer,whereas the loss of TOC will significantly reduce the quality of fertilizer.The application of the organic fertilizer in citrus plantations showed that the organic fertilizer could improve the quality and yield of citrus.The best quality and maximum yield of citrus were got with the application amount of 2.0 kg/m2.

关 键 词：堆肥化 柑橘废弃物 资源化利用 碳素形态 施肥效果 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]