浸泡处理对花生种子破损影响的试验研究  

Experimental study on the effect of soaking treatment on peanut seed damage

作　　者：齐贝贝 丛锦玲[1,2] 曾明军 闫琴 胡蓉[1] 吴孟宸[1] 朱彤 QI Beibei;CONG Jinling;ZENG Mingjun;YAN Qin;HU Rong;WU Mengchen;ZHU Tong(College of Mechanical Electrical Engineering,ShiheziUniversity,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China;Key Laboratory of Northwest Agricultural equipment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China;Office of Academic Research,ShiheziUniversity,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China;College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering,ShiheziUniversity,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学机械电气工程学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]农业农村部西北农业装备重点实验室,新疆石河子832003 [3]石河子大学科研处,新疆石河子832003 [4]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第2期146-154,共9页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51865052);数字制造装备与技术国家重点实验室(华中科技大学)项目(DMETKF2017011);石河子大学国际科技合作项目(GJHZ201902)。

摘　　要：针对花生在排种过程中种子机械损伤指数高的问题,本文以新疆地区常用品种四粒红为研究对象,依据二次正交旋转中心组合试验方案,对经过不同浸泡条件处理的花生种子进行含水率、破损和发芽的试验。结果表明:浸泡温度与浸泡时间对含水率的影响极显著,随着二者的增加含水率均呈线性增长;浸泡温度、浸泡时间、加载速率整体上对三位(平躺位、侧卧位、胚根位)抗破损力的影响显著,三位抗破损力随着浸泡温度的增长呈整体增加,随着浸泡时间的增长呈现先增加后减小,随着加载速率的增长呈整体降低;胚根位破损对种子发芽率影响最大,故以胚根位抗破损力最大为优化条件对试验参数进行优化,获得最佳参数组合为浸泡温度21. 3℃、浸泡时间2. 57 h、含水率为13. 87%;当加载速率为81. 64 mm/min时,花生胚根位抗破损力最大为4. 97 N,平躺位抗破损力为4. 27 N,侧卧位抗破损力为4. 40 N;试验验证结果与优化结果一致,表明本文研究结果可为排种器的设计提供理论依据。Aiming at the problem of high mechanical damage index of peanut seeds during seeding,this paper takes the commonly used variety Silihong in Xinjiang as the research object,and according to the quadratic orthogonal rotation center combination test program,tests for moisture content,damage and germination of peanut seeds treated under different soaking conditions.The results show that the immersion temperature and soaking time have a significant effect on the water content,and the water content increases linearly with the increase of both.The soaking temperature,soaking time and loading rate have a significant effect on the anti-breaking force of thethree parts( flat,lateral,and radicle).Thethreepartsanti-breaking force is integrated with the soaking temperature.The increase first and then decreases with the increase of the soaking time,and decreases as the loading rate increases.The root position damage had the greatest influence on the seed germination rate.Therefore,the experimental parameters were optimized with the maximum resistance to damage of the radicle root position.The optimal parameters were obtained as the soaking temperature 21. 3 ℃,the soaking time 2. 57 h,and the water content 13. 87%;when the loading rate is 81. 64 mm/min,the root damage resistance of peanut root is 4. 97 N,the damage resistance of the flat position is 4. 27 N,and the damage resistance of the lateral position is 4. 40 N.The optimization results are tested and verified,and the verification results are consistent with the optimization results. Therefore,the results of this study can provide a theoretical reference for the design of the seed meter.

关 键 词：花生 破损 含水率 浸泡 发芽率 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]