新疆典型节水灌溉技术的三级模糊评价模型及分析  

Three-level fuzzy evaluation and analysis of typical water-saving irrigation technologies in Xinjiang

作　　者：牛靖冉 王春霞[1,2] 何新林 李玥[1] 白蒙 王泽林 徐强 於嘉闻 NIU Jingran;WANG Chunxia;HE Xinlin;LI Yue;BAI Meng;WANG Zelin;XU Qiang;YU Jiaweng(School of Hydraulic Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Water-saving Irrigation Corps,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第2期191-198,共8页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0404304);国家自然科学基金-新疆联合基金重点(U1803244);兵团重点领域科技攻关计划(2018AB027);石河子大学青年创新人才培育计划(CXRC201801)项目。

摘　　要：为了探明新疆膜上灌、膜下滴灌、自动化膜下滴灌3种典型节水灌溉技术综合效益的差异,本文充分考虑其横向及纵向的影响因素,运用资料收集、大田试验、问卷调查的方式,依据定性与定量相结合的分析原则,选取涵盖经济效益、环境效益、社会效益三方面26个相互独立的敏感性指标,构建了一套层次分析法与模糊综合评价法相结合的三级模糊评价模型。采用该模型评价3种典型节水灌溉技术综合效益的结果表明:膜上灌、膜下滴灌、自动化膜下滴灌的综合效益评价等级分别为差、一般、较好;与膜上灌相比,膜下滴灌与自动化膜下滴灌的突出优势是灌溉水利用系数分别提升28. 8%、38. 7%,分别节约人力35. 7%、62. 3%,节水1 150. 84、1 874. 64 m^3/hm^2,产量提高2 361、2 820. 9 kg/hm^2。因此,该模型能较好地评价新疆典型节水灌溉技术的综合效益,且通过评价结果可得到各灌溉技术的突出优势及不足,新疆未来可持续性节水技术的发展方向是大力发展和普及自动化膜下滴灌技术。In order to find out the differences of the comprehensive benefits of three typical water-saving irrigation technologies in Xinjiang,this paper fully considers the horizontal and vertical factors,uses the methods of data collection,field experiment and questionnaire survey,and selects 26 water-saving irrigation technologies,including economic benefits,environmental benefits and social benefits,according to the principle of qualitative and quantitative analysis a set of three-level fuzzy evaluation model,which combines AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,is constructed based on the independent sensitivity index.The evaluation results of the model show that the comprehensive benefit evaluation grades of the above film irrigation,the under film drip irrigation and the automatic under film drip irrigation are poor,general and good respectively;compared with the above film irrigation,the outstanding advantages of the under film drip irrigation and the automatic under film drip irrigation are that the irrigation water utilization coefficient is increased by 28. 8%,38. 7% respectively,the manpower is saved by 35. 7% and 62. 3%,the water-saving potential is 1 150. 84 and 1 874. 64 m^3/hm^2 respectively,the yield increased by 2 361 and 2 820. 9 kg respectively.Therefore,the model can better evaluate the comprehensive benefits of typical water-saving irrigation technology in Xinjiang,and the outstanding advantages and disadvantages of each irrigation technology can be obtained through the evaluation results.The future development direction of Sustainable Water-saving Technology in Xinjiang is to vigorously develop and popularize the automatic drip irrigation technology under the film.

关 键 词：新疆典型节水灌溉技术 层次分析法 模糊综合评价法 评价指标体系 综合效益 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]