施氏魮(Barbonymus schwanenfeldii)外周血液及造血器官血细胞发生的观察  

Observation of Blood Cells in Peripheral Blood and Hematopoietic Organs of Barbonymus schwanenfeldii

作　　者：李坚 段利芳 徐刚 杜永坤 刘忠虎[1] LI Jian;DUAN Lifang;XU Gang;DU Yongkun;LIU Zhonghu(College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学牧医工程学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《河南科学》2020年第3期376-385,共10页Henan Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31702217);河南省优势特色学科(203/18xk0102)。

摘　　要：为了解施氏魮血细胞组成类型及血细胞发生过程,利用Wright’s-Giemsa和HE染色技术,分别对其外周血涂片,血细胞发生相关器官头肾、体肾、脾脏和肝脏的组织印片及石蜡切片进行观察,并统计了各种血细胞大小,以及上述器官中血细胞各种发育类型的组成比例.观察发现,施氏魮的血细胞包括红细胞和白细胞,白细胞主要有血栓细胞、粒细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞等.血细胞发育历程可分为原始阶段、幼稚阶段和成熟阶段,幼稚阶段的红细胞和粒细胞又可划分为早、中、晚不同时期.施氏魮血细胞随着发育的不断成熟,核内染色质不断凝聚,胞体体积整体呈现由大变小趋势.在各脏器印片中,头肾和体肾可观察到各种类型原始及幼稚阶段血细胞,其中原红细胞在头肾中数量最多;脾脏中观察到大量幼稚阶段淋巴细胞和粒细胞,肝脏中主要为成熟红细胞,因此可见头肾和体肾为施氏魮主要的造血器官,脾为淋巴细胞和粒细胞增殖重要场所.此研究描述了施氏魮血细胞分化特征,对系统了解其免疫应答机制及进一步开展鱼类疾病防控具有重要意义.In order to figure out the blood cell component type and hematopoiesis process of Barbonymus schwanenfeldii,Wright-Giemsa and HE staining techniques were used to stain the peripheral blood smear,tissue stamps and sections including pronephros,body kidney,liver and spleen. The morphological characteristics and distribution of blood cells in peripheral blood and hematopoietic organs were observed,and the microscopic sizes of various blood cells and the proportion type of blood cells in tissue prints were statistical analysis. The results indicated that the blood cells ofB. schwanenfeldii mainly included red blood cells and white blood cells. White blood cells mainly included thrombocytes,granulocytes,lymphocytes,monocytes and other blood cells. The developmental process of blood cells can be divided into primitive stage,immature stage and mature stage. The immature red blood cells and granulocytes can be divided into early,middle and late periods. With the development of B. schwanenfeldii,the chromatin in the nucleus condensed continuously,and the volume of the cell body tends to decrease. In various organ prints,various types of primitive and immature blood cells can be observed in the pronephros and body kidney,and the primitive red blood cells are the largest in the pronephros. In the spleen a large number of immature lymphocytes and granulocytes and a few other types of blood cells were observed,and in the liver mature red blood cells were mainly found. To sum up,the pronephros and body kidney are the main hematopoietic organs of B. schwanenfeldii,and the spleen is an important organ to produce lymphocytes and granulocytes. Researches on fish haemocyte are of important significance for understanding the response mechanism of its immune system and guiding the prevention and control of fish diseases.

关 键 词：施氏魮 头肾 体肾 血细胞形态 血细胞发生 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学] Q172[生物学—水生生物学]